Archangelica - children German settlement
Chronicles of the ancient genus PEC (Paetz), little-known pages of history from the XIV century to the present day
Light memory of Evgeny Petrovich Bozhko, historian-researcher
Diaries Of Yevgenia Karlovna, Surkova
Preface
In June 2000 I came to Krasnogorsk to visit my cousins, aunt Irina Leonidovna Krasnokamenskuju. At dinner I remembered my father, Surkov Yury Vladimirovich, who a few days earlier (June 16) would have turned 80 years old.Had a long talk, remembering our parents, family, then grandparents, and other ancestors, as we knew about them. Of course, something my father had told me, but aunt Ira knew about the roots of the family Surkov much, much more. I am sincerely interested in these stories, and then she issued from an adjoining room the two old notebooks.- Here, it's all here, ' she said. Is diaries older sister of your grandfather, Vladimir — Yevgenia Karlovna of Surkova. I want you to keep them as a family heirloom of Marmots. In memory of my father and my ancestors, I decided to edit and Supplement Yevhen Karlovna's diaries, and then pass them on to my son Yuri, named after my father... Sergei Surkov. May 2001
The first notebook.
Kirillov
It is not strange, but some of the episodes from my childhood I remember from 2 years of age.
Very clearly remember this scene: a father's Pharmacy. I see my bloody left hand. The scared babysitter picks me up and carries hastily towards him, already hurrying from behind his Desk…
Next is my mother: it Turns out that on the eve of the birthday of my father, it was March 14, 1886, the mother went to buy him a gift. I was a very capricious, spoiled girl. Parents soul I thought lost to me two children — Anna and Ivan who died in infancy, were allowed to do whatever I wanted. And if not allowed, then I lay down on the ground, wherever it was, even on the road right in the mud, shouting a good Mat and kicking.
That's why such a misfortune happened. When mom left for the gift, I started crying, and the babysitter to comfort me, took my father to the pharmacy and allowed to drum on the window. The glass broke and got into a vein, Blood beat a fountain. The Pope urgently called the doctor. The wound was sutured. I this of course not remember. From fear and loss of blood I was fainting. Then stuffed with all sorts of drugs — the good, the pharmacy had. The scar remained for life.
I remember a lot from my childhood, and in General always had a good memory, and when I learned to write-began to record all sorts of events that were interesting to me. I learned something from my mom and dad, grandparents and other relatives. In the end, it so happened that I began to keep diaries, of which now, in 1954, it turns out such a family chronicle…
My father, Karl Yul'evich Surkov (1846 -1892), was, as he said, Russian German. As stated by the family legend, the Russian Emperor Peter III gave Friedrich the Great a whole company of grenadiers-selected soldiers of high growth. (Future Emperor Peter II was Born 10 (21 — new style) February 1728 in the German city of Kiel. His father was Duke Karl Friedrich (*Holstein-Gottorp is the ruler of the North German lands of Holstein, mother-the daughter of Peter I, Anna Petrovna.Being a German, he worshipped the Prussian king Friedrich II the Great and, having ascended to The Russian throne, made a military Alliance with him. Peter III was a supporter of the Prussian military drill and sent him to Russia a company of Prussian soldiers. In return, he sent Frederick a company of Russian grenadiers. Note By S. Surkov}
The soldiers there numb, got families, but the Russian language is not forgotten. In the second, third generation began to return to Russia…
Grandfather my-Julius (Zurkoff ?), returning to Russia, first settled in Poland, which then belonged to the Russian Empire. He was a pharmacist. Six children came with him. Sons: albert, Oscar, Carl, Edward and Augustus, the daughter — Natalia.
Four sons entered the Moscow University and after graduation received a specialty pharmacists.
When the father died, the elder brother of albert Yulievich took his dependent sister Natalia and younger brother August, who was 13-14 years old, maybe less.
The second brother Oscar had inherited the pharmacy his father and left to work in it.
Albert Yulievich went to Arkhangelsk and went to work in a pharmacy, which was located on the island of Solombala. The pharmacy belonged To blosfeld Eduard Fedorovich and his father. Albert gave his sister Natalia for Edward F. and thus intermarried with the owners.
The brothers Charles and Edward at this time was still studying at Moscow University, and in August-Arkhangelsk gymnasium.
In addition to the main work in the pharmacy, albert began to engage in winemaking, liquor production. This he began to earn a decent income. The matter was expanded. He met with the local industrialist Ivan Shergold.
Albert married his daughter — Shergold Lydia Ivanovna and joined the company with father-in-law. Built himself on the embankment of the Northern Dvina river house and a brewery.
Meanwhile, brother Carl graduated from the Moscow University and moved to Vologda. There he went to work in a private pharmacy Lorenz.
After some time albert Karl Yulyevich bought the pharmacy in the small town of Kirillov, Novgorod province. (City of Kirillov is located 130 km From Vologda. On the modern highway, opened in 1997 by bus to Kirillov 2 hours. Primas'. COJ. Surkov).
The first time Carl led the life of a bachelor. For fun got a cat, a rabbit and an eagle. The cat was large, and sat always with their master and eat from the saucer standing on the table.
Through three years arrived in Kirillov from Novgorod medical supervisor confirmed-General Mikhailov Ivan Alexandrovich. His job was to inspect every three years all private pharmacies in the province. With this test the General and visited a pharmacy Karl Yulyevich.
Ivan Mikhailov was the father of a large family. He had three daughters and four sons.
Origin Ivan was a serf. Sir, Alexander (?) Spiridov, was a landowner, apparently, at the time, with democratic views. He gave an opportunity to Ivan Alexandrovich to study. As a result, Ivan graduated from St. Petersburg medical Academy, foreclosures and married the illegitimate daughter of his former master — Irina Alexandrovna Spiridovo.
Why illegal?
Spiridov, in the 18th century was considered the province of large landowners. Alexander Spiridonov lived a rich, fun and broad. Often people came for business or fun to Moscow, and revelers in "Yar", where always were Gypsies. The soloist at that time was a beautiful Gypsy Mary, who, no longer young landowner Spiridovo very much.
The master bribed, drugged who should be, and took the beautiful Maria by his estate. Some time after the birth of her daughter Irina, Maria ran away to her Gypsies. In the "Yar" you never went to find her failed…
Ivan Mikhailov was a military doctor and moved from the city to the city with his regiment. Lived they, as office-mother, in Orenburg, in Kherson, in Odessa, in Moscow and, finally, in Novgorod.
By the time Ivan Aleksandrovich Kirillov, visited the pharmacy Karl Yul'evich Surkov, his daughter, (my future mother) Sophia Ivanovna Mikhailova (1861 — 1917) had just graduated from the 7 classes of high school. She was 17 years old. She could and at all finish all course of a gymnasium, but from-for infinite crossings from one city to another, she had to remain in one class for the second year.
Ia Mikhailov decided to grab his daughter, he liked him, the bachelor pharmacist. However, Karl Yulyevich was already 33 years old -a difference of 15 years, but at that time it was common practice.
Ivan invited Karl to come to him in Novgorod and meet the bride.
Then transport in the Russian hinterland was poorly developed. By rail to Novgorod can be reached only from Rybinsk. To get on the steam train Rybinsk — Novgorod, from the town of Kirillov had to drive 7 miles on horseback to Goric, and then to Rybinsk by boat on the river Sheksna. In the winter — only the chaise horses, which was much more expensive.
So, in early August 1879, his father went to Novgorod. Having seen the bride-fell in love at once and demanded that in two weeks there was a wedding.
The parents protested — the dowry is not ready! Then, being a pragmatic person, Karl said that there was no time to wait, because the navigation on Sheksna is coming to an end, in the autumn thaw in Kirillov do not get, and the pharmacy is left in the wrong hands.
With arguments agreed. Hurriedly began to prepare a dowry. Linen was made at home yourself. Karl Yulievich to speed up things, as he told mom, he sat down at the typewriter and stitched sheets, and my mother sat next to him and amityvale. Finally, everything was ready and Packed in a large trunk.
Solemnly crowned, after the wedding feast, the young went, as it was then opened, on a honeymoon. So they went from Novgorod to Kirillov in Moscow. In Moscow had to stay with friends of Karl yulevich…
Moscow was unlike greshnyy. Many streets were not even paved, and on the Moscow river grew sedge. Yes, I must say, there were plenty of thieves, brothel, brothels, too.
When my grandfather's family lived in Moscow and my mother was still a teenager, in broad daylight they removed the carpet from the stairs.
Comes grandpa home and asks — what are You, the carpet took cleaned?
Grandmother — No, carpet is not removed.
— Where is he?
The cook standing next to me says she heard someone knocking in the front door. It turns out that the thieves had licked the copper rods, which the carpet clung to the ladder.
Another time when grandpa Ivan was at work, came to him a man in the uniform of a courier and said that his Excellency General Mikhailov requires that he urgently brought uniform. Like, suddenly it comes a major auditor, the matter is urgent and the note he had no time to write.
The courier himself froze, trembling. He was sorry and gave a glass of vodka to drink. My grandmother prepared a uniform, even a handkerchief and dried, tying everything in a tablecloth, gave the "courier".
Grandpa comes in the evening home from work, and grandma to him:
— What you have the disobedient revision was?
- No, there was no revision.
— You demanded urgently your uniform bring
— Do not understand!
- How? Courier from you came, without even an overcoat, so hastily was.
— Well?…
- I gave him your uniform. Even a handkerchief scented put. But the courier was shaking so I gave him a glass of vodka raised.
- Well, say goodbye to my uniform. It wasn't a courier, mother, but a real thief. Will have now a new uniform sew.
The front uniform is expensive. Gold sewing on it a lot. So that's something!
...The couple arrived late in the afternoon. Having left things in hotel, went on the driver to look for the acquaintances. However, their former apartment did not have, the new tenants said they had moved to another house across the alley.
Having released the cab, went on foot, found the right house. Karl Yulievich came to the entrance literally 5 minutes to learn in what apartment you live his friends, and mother remained at the entrance. Suddenly, it flies up a man and says:
Honey, pretty girl, come with me! - Takes her by the arm and drags her ... Mom screamed there were urine. From the entrance popped, dad caught up with them, grabbed mom in his arms. The bandit ran away.
After this case, I do not have more to find friends, and the next morning drove on to the town of Rybinsk Goritsy via steamship in Kirillov.
Mom still lived in the province, the big cities and the first time in my life has come to this "backwater", so she said to herself.
The first time very missed you. Kirillov lived mainly merchants, government officials and townspeople. My mother met with the family of the Stanovoi bailiff Rogachev, made friends with his wife, Natalia Vikentevna. Together they began to walk to the club.
Mom got a dog — a little puppy dog, which she nursed from nipples and called Caesar. Tied it to my mom was awful. If a mother somewhere was gone and didn't take a Caesar, and even locked up, he still struggled and found mom on the trail. He found it in the store, and Rogacheva, and the pharmacy.
The pharmacy was placed in a stone house on the Market square. On Sundays, peasants from the surrounding villages gathered here to trade. The area was a terrible mess, but the sides were laid wooden walkways.
Mom loved to walk with his new girlfriend in the city Park, which began on the square, just opposite the pharmacy.
To the right of the garden, the Cathedral of our lady of Kazan. Good for festivals and picturesque and was the neighborhood of the ancient Kirillo — Belozersky monastery, which started right behind the temple. The monastery was built at Ivan the terrible on the shore of Siverskoye lake. Tsar Ivan and myself have been not just in this monastery.
Not far from another lake "Long". Between the lakes the road to Goritsy. The place is quite elevated-a hill around the lake. On the hill was "Sloboda". The so-called village consisting entirely of small wooden houses in three to five Windows on the front. In one of these houses lived our home tailor Sasha Eremina.
In Siverskiy the lake was having some sort of river. Just at its mouth there was a bridge and the place behind the bridge was called "Kopan". There was a Church and quite large wooden, but one-storey houses. In this district lived a midwife by the name of Doucet. With her daughter Nina and I were the same age.
The pharmacy was the watchman Ivan Zalewski (Polish). His wife Marja lived in the Northern part of the town of Kirillov. This place was called "Tutinki". On the square in front of the Church was a market. There every day selling pies and vegetables. Marja was selling her pies there, too. I really liked the fish pies. They cost 5 cents.
The town of Kirillov, when we lived there, looked more like a big village. Stone homes was, just, five. Three houses were facades on the marketplace. Two of them belonged to Simonov, one to Sizmin (?). Our pharmacy was in the middle house of merchant Simonov and occupied all two floors.
Simonov traded flour and fodder. He always bought flour and oats for chickens. The trade was wholesale. On pounds nothing not sold, only bags. We always bought a bag of rye flour and a bag of white. The commanders delivered the flour directly to the house. In the kitchen, covered in a large chest and oats too.
Twice a year in the summer and late autumn in the city there was a fair. At the fair, too, bought wholesale products-poods, sugar heads. We also stocked rice and all sorts of cereals. The potatoes were brought from the surrounding villages.
Each house had a well and a large garden in the yard, but we did not have a garden, it was used only by the host family. Behind the house was a garden, in which we had a right to walk, but not to tear or berries or apples. The garden was very shady, the trees are large.
The yard was another barn where the cows stood. We had two cows. The cellar is large, spacious. If the summer was very hot, sat in Pogrebische. The ice stayed there for a long time.
I was three years old when my brother Kostya (1886) was born. A pretty was a boy, the entire little white, curly-haired thus he was to year, and quite small I his not remember. We took pictures then with his father, he holds a coast, and I'm standing around (photo is not preserved).
I also remember one episode. Three months after birth the Bone mom had no milk. I had to look for a nurse (I was also a nurse). Mom with the cook went to the boat in one of the surrounding villages and took me with him, as there was no one left at home.
Went, apparently, through the channel, through which there was a low wooden drawbridges. Every time I had to stop and ask the guard to build a bridge. In a village went to a few houses. I remember my mother talking to a woman lying on the floor with a little baby. (Apparently, she conspired because she came to us. Her name was Maria).
Back back before dawn.
Awakened by the watchman cursed — Hell, devils! Who the hell are you in a kind of dark?! So that you may the bottom not the tires!
I have these words I've ever heard and everyone was asking who the hell and devils and who are we wearing?. Mom was very angry and ordered me to sit and be silent. Landed from the boat, mom took me by the hand, and the servants were carrying paddles. When I got home, it was already dark.
With the birth of Bones, I became known as a great, nanny I was gone. Only the maid helped me get dressed in the morning and undressed in the evening.
I slept in the parents ' room. They often went to the club. Lying on the bed, I had often seen mom dressed in front of the mirror. Before going to the club to mom came Natalia Rogacheva Bank and they're both primping. Women wore some pads, "bustles", and the skirt was all pleated on the bodice with the springs. I don't know how they sat on a chair. Later, when fashion moved away, my brothers have played for long with these springs. Dresses were very beautiful with lace. I remember how I enjoyed looking at the dressing and thought she was very beautiful in this dress. At home, mom went to "the hood", as it was called then the free simple dress.
In 1886, my mother and my nanny spent more than a month in Vologda with dad's friends Loranz. It was a pharmacist whose dad worked after graduation. In Vologda, we came with dad, because of his illness. Needed surgery, but in Vologda did not dare to do and dad had one to go to Moscow, and we left.
Mother was thinking about this time, as hunger strike, camping on K. have Lorants was not adopted there is 4 times in day: tea, Breakfast, lunch and dinner. It was this: in the morning, tea at 4 and dinner at 8 PM a light snack, and all.
Neighbors Loranz were Sukhotin. Kuzma Sukhotin was a cheese maker. His wife Anna Karpovna made friends with her mother, and I, with their daughters, Manya and Lisa. (After many years I met them in Vologda).
My mom told me. When my father returned from Moscow, I walked around him and said,"dad is not dad from Behind." This is because he used to have a big beard, and in Moscow, he shaved, and there was only one mustache.
Our life in Kirillov was not especially than wonderful.
A year after the birth of the Bone, in 1888, was born the second brother, Vladimir. This child's mother firmly decided to feed herself. The boy was weak, and even born with a crooked right leg. For him, sewed special shoes.
Little Volodya went to school to speak properly. He called Monya, I — Pat. To walk, meant "appley" to fall "bins". Brother Kostya was called Giga.
Walking, of course, is also bad, as the right foot was turned inside and he stuttered for her the other foot. Up to three years Volodya hired a babysitter, who always wore it on his hands. Then he went himself. The right Shoe was sewn with metal plates on the sides with the hope that it would help fix the legs.
We are very often sick, especially sore throat. Then this throat disease was called "toad".
We have not seldom came my mother's friend, Lidia Lohanin. It was a fat, tall woman, always in a black dress and a plaid scarf on her head. Her hair was gray, but under the kerchief, red. I was very surprised.
Lydia Ivanovna treated us from throat diseases in their own way: cut out from paper a figure very similar to a toad, the size of five centimeters. Then, the toad was burnt at the candle, and the ashes poured into a bowl of water. Then Lidia Ivanovna had something to say on this water and give us all turns to drink.
We were drinking, but the pieces of ash spat out. Seeing this, Lidia Ivanovna was saying that it is impossible that the treatment will not do, and cut out the second toad. The procedure is started again.
One summer at the fair at Kirillov was a circus. Us, children of course there brought. The performance was very pleasant and then we played the circus for a whole year.Friends of our children's games were the sons of Ivan Zalevsky — Osip and Vanya. On the floor laid a quilt and put different toys. All sat down and played, and I represented different circus numbers. Wore my mom's red stockings, like tights, imagined from his rider, ran around, bowed, took different poses…
We often went for a walk with his nanny at the cemetery, which was near the monastery. There were two walls that are called towns with high towers at the corners. We went up the stairs to the tower, and then we walked around the walls. Inside the walls were large arches and exposed to the city left little loopholes.
Loopholes were above my height, but I had to put the bricks and stood on them, looking over the city. It was interesting like the picture — lots of greenery, a small house.
In the East, a view of lake Siverskoye. The lake is large, stormy, the waves are high. On it there were steamboats and stuck to the pier near the bridge on "Kopan".
The cemetery was outside the second wall in a high place. There were a lot of old shady trees, steep hill, stood two chapels. About one of them is the fence behind which my brother and sister Vanya and Anya Surkov are buried. We always brought them forest and meadow flowers, and then I was forced to pray in the chapel, on my knees for the repose of the babies Anna and John and kiss the foot of the cross with a crucifixion.
When I was 6 years old, dad, to go once to Moscow on business, brought from there the bike. Learn to ride a bike he became behind the monastery wall, in the alley that led from the first gate to the second, the inner wall. Alley of old lime trees and poplars. On the sides of the alleys were also the walls. They fenced off, on the one hand, the monastery garden, and on the other, the meadow for mowing.
Every day, in the evening, we began to go to the monastery. Dad learned to ride a bike, and my mom and I watched. There was nobody there but us. Dad often fell, run into the trees and hurt himself. Soon this occupation he was tired and he sent the bike back to Moscow to exchange it for a tricycle.
Sent right kind of chariot in which the father had not left the gate, and rode it around the yard me and my brother Kostya. Then I taught myself to push away (to turn) alternately to the pedals and rode around the yard my brother and I alone. The bike, of course, went jerks, but it did not bother us. We were very pleased that we ride such an amazing car, the name of which did not even know how to pronounce well.
My mother was a friend of the lady Anna Petrovna, whose legs ached and she almost always sat in the chair by the window. She had cat whiskers, which the lady called a scientist, because he said Hello. Came to everyone who came to Anna Petrovna in the house, rubbed her head against his hand and purred.
In the summer, our cook went to Anna Petrovna in the garden to reap grass for our cow. I always, too, with it been running around, mainly because, that have them in the kitchen garden grew many berry bushes — red, black, white currant and raspberry. I've always been allowed to rip them off the Bush.
Anna Petrovna was a relative of the garden and Vodenko. Nicholas at one time lived in Kirillov. Their apartment was next to ours in the house Simineh (the name is not written legibly) on the second floor and we went to visit them. Having met New, 1890 we soon went to Nikolsky on a fir-tree. They had three boys: Jack (age 8), mit (6 years) what was the name of the third, I do not remember. When I was 5 years old.
We played and ran around the Christmas tree. Mitya rambunctious, and hit me, presented to him by the drum head so that the drum is torn and worn on my head and I remove it she couldn't. Eugene helped me out and he got afraid because he hurt me. After this incident, Zhenya was called my fiancé.
Soon, the entire family Nicholas moved to the town of Belozersk, where he was transferred father Eugene. A year later, summer, Zhenya came to my grandmother Anna Petrovna, and he came to us.
Mom said, — Behold, the bridegroom went in to check on you!
Zhenya already studied in high school and came to a shaped cap in the form of high school with silver buttons. They sent us out to the city Park. The nurse carried on the hands of his brother Volodya, and I was walking next to Eugene in front of her.
Jack was much taller than me, since I was 3 years older. In high school, I really liked him.
In this same year to Anna Petrovna has arrived its the second daughter, (?) Vodenko with his daughter, Mania. (Vodenko lived in Vologda and had their own brewery. We met them later, when they began to live in the factory "Sokol").
Manya was dressed in a motley suit, made of blue and red embroidered stripes. We called this costume Mordovian. Manu I was just looking, so she seemed to me beautiful: long braids, a red cap on the head, neck coral beads. My mom noticed that I was fascinated look at Manu, Vodenka…
When they left, mom asked — did You like the suit?
I hid my head in my mother's lap and confessed that I liked it very much.
Mom said — Wait, I-I the same will embroider and red Morocco shoes buy. And, indeed fulfilled his promise after 4 years when I studied and lived with his grandfather — Ivan Aleksandrovich Mikhailov, in Novgorod.
However, I have had to start to learn. My father did not want to send me to the parish school, and in the autumn of 1890 my parents began to invite a primary school teacher to the house. She taught me only for two months. We read the alphabet and I learned to write letters in ink.
Then mom decided to take me herself in language and arithmetic. My mother will write some proverb with her calligraphic handwriting, and I will rewrite it to the end of the page. Then read loud a page from a children's book. In arithmetic, solved arithmetic problems and examples on the blackboard.
Our classes were not conducted regularly, i.e. every day. My mother was busy on the farm, and then came to her friend. Sit on the sofa and chat for hours, and we were sent to the nursery, play.
In March 1891 I passed 7 years. In mid-April, my brother Kostya and I fell ill with scarlet fever and diphtheria at the same time. The younger brother Volodya together with the babysitter sent to the wife of our watchman Martha (Maria) Zalevskaya to other end of the city in Butyrskaya Sloboda.
Kostya ied 4 days after the onset of the disease. Him then was 4 year.
Me a team of 5 doctors was also sentenced to death. Happened to a friend's aunt out of the village and told how they treat folk remedies "from the neck". Began to give me a country cure. The doctor who came to visit me told my mother that the crisis was over and I will recover.
Peter was buried in the monastery cemetery next to Anna and Joe.
I was recovering very slowly. Six weeks had to lie in bed. Finally, the doctors let me get up. It was already the beginning of June.
Mother twice a week visited Volodya at Zalevsky. Of course he was homesick and didn't release his mother from herself. Had to go with deception.
Soon after our apartment began to be repaired and we moved to another, only a wooden house of three rooms on the same market square.
There we lived 2 months, until the repair of our 5-room apartment.
After the illness I was so weak that I went staggering. In addition, as a result of complications of the disease, I developed rheumatic fever and it was discovered that I was deaf in both ears and didn't understand what I say. I was hired by a babysitter who washed me, dressed me. Summer days I spent in the yard, lying under a maple tree or sitting on a bench at his trunk.
So lively, bustling and cheerful girl, I became quiet and inactive.
By autumn, we again settled in the same apartment. Back with the girls. Now us, children, was only two. The whole family was very sad for the small bone. Because of the great loss of hearing, I was no longer taught. So I realized, it was necessary to greatly enhance the voice. I was engaged I read on the ABC special and a book to read, taught the poem.
Dad and mom still went to the club. Rogachev in Kirillov was gone. Natalia Vikentevna's husband was transferred on service to some other city. Seems North to Pinega. So that my mother lost a sincere friend and not the other she couldn't make friends, like friends with Rogacheva.
Under the New 1892, mom and dad, as usual, going to the club. While my mom was upstairs getting dressed, my dad decided to tell fortunes. Went down to the pharmacy, melted tin and started to pour it on a plate. It turned out to him something mysterious-a few sticks. What it meant, neither he nor mom could guess…
In early March, dad caught a cold, returning to the Blizzard from the club, and seized. The temperature was about 40 degrees. Doctors at first could not determine the disease and only on the third day said that it is a major inflammation of both lungs.
On the fourth day Pope died. Just on March 15, the day of his birth. He was 45 years old. (kind. in 1847). Then mom said that the fortune-telling stick, and meant the candles around the coffin.
The coffin of the set on the table in the most big room. He served a memorial service for two days. Friends came, brought wreaths.
Buried there, in the monastery cemetery, in the churchyard where they were buried my little brothers and sister. Then we often went to serve the memorial service. Volodya was only 4 years old and he was not taken to the funeral, and was sent at this time to Maria Zalevskaya.
My mother sent a telegram about the death of my father in Arkhangelsk brother-albert yulevich Surkov. Soon, though, and by winter road, came to our brother-in-law albert yulevich — Blofeld Edward F., to appeal pharmacy. I brought the letter from albert in which he sent the torn bills for the sum, something about 10 thousand rubles. The pharmacy was bought by albert Yulevich for the Pope, who was obliged to pay his brother the cost of the pharmacy and issued bills. But things were not important, the monthly income was not more than 100 rubles, so the bills were never redeemed.
Here the mother first learned that the pharmacy was not the property of the husband, Karl Yulyevich. It was very hot and in a fit of rage, beside himself, could have done all sorts of absurdities. Wrote a abusive letter to albert Yulevich and sent him with the first mail, not even consulting with Eduard Fedorovich.
When Eduard Fedorovich found out about it, he was horrified: "If you do not want to accept this gift, then accept it for the sake of children! They also need to educate!"he said. And my mother wanted to leave to the mercy of fate and to come to Novgorod to the father and mother, and there enroll in a teacher. Eduard Fedorovich barely got her to calm down. And she listened to him and stayed. The mother was then only 28 years old. (kind. in 1864).
«Wait! - said Eduard Fedorovich, - You still the second time married leave. I'm such a handsome man You will discover that you'll fall in love".
Mother again such words of course outraged:- " have mercy on, as you can such words to speak! I just buried my husband. Don't you dare think about it!".
Eduard Fedorovich's mother knew for a long time, from the first years of her marriage. He was and always remained cheerful and a terrible sense of humor.
In his first visit to Kirillov he drove my father's brother, August yulevich Surkov — young man, age 22 — 23, in an insane asylum in Dorpat. In early early early life, in 18 years, August hopelessly fell in love and on this soil is obsessed. Mother spoke with him and not have observed, that he not quite a normal. In the Tartu house for the insane, August yulevich lived for a long time — fifty years and died there, after 70 years of age…
In early may, 1892, as soon as navigation opened, came employed in the management of the pharmacy, a young (26 years old), just graduated from Dorpat University master of pharmacy Giller Otto Karlovich.
Edward F., Blofeld really tried to find the control in the pharmacy a young and beautiful person. Together with him came a teacher for us, German Marie Bauer. She had the head was a strange shape that immediately catches the eye elongated towards the bottom, flattened on the sides and disproportionately large. Neither I nor Volodya she really did not like. We had to call her "fräulein Maria", but the boy called her "broom-broom". She was supposed to teach us German language. However, Broome-Broome with us, would not have, and was busy with her thoughts.
Before his departure from Dorpat, she foretold that in Russia she would marry. She imagined that Otgon Karlovich would be her husband. Fell in love with him on the way to Kirillov, because he was very beautiful, (photo). Walking with us, Marie didn't pay attention to us, and everyone thought that was and always wondered on the flowers and leaves. In German, the only thing I learned from her: Eg lilt mich fon cherzen, bis chmerzen, ich bin uber alle.
We have lived for fräulein Marie, I think, two months and went back to Dorpat. There she married the pastor.
Mom wrote to Novgorod to his mother Irina Alexandrovna Mikhailova, she found us a governess — German.
Meanwhile, mother made friends with the wife who again arrived the district police officer — the fat lady.
In the evenings, all together with Otton Karlovich, rode a boat on the lake. Once gave a ride to the village between sukhoverkovo, 7 miles from Kirillov. Us, children with a babysitter, too, took. Walked there through the woods, collecting mushrooms, drinking tea on the meadow. There was a beautiful pine forest, where there were a lot of mushrooms, especially volnushek. The whole basket was carried home and then salted.
As time went on. Otton Karlovich already fell in love with his mother and made her an offer. He wrote poems on beautiful paper and painted something and presented a box of chocolates. My mother asked me if she was getting married. Do I want to have a second dad? I expressed consent. Otton Karlovich paid much attention to us, played croquet with me and Volodya, drove a tricycle, joked and played in every way. He liked us and we have been friends.
This event was just for mom's birthday on September 17, and the wedding was scheduled for January 1893.
At the end of September came to us a new governess — German Emma kondratyevna Kessler, who spoke good Russian and was more my mother's friend than our teacher.
My mother did not want to stay in the house where she lived with Karl Yulevich for 10 years. Began to look after another house, where it was possible to translate the pharmacy. Just the district police officer moved to other apartment and the house occupied by it on Pochtamtskaya street was released. The house was one-storey from the street, and from the yard there was an add — on-the second floor in 2 rooms. Decided to take the house and expand second floor of another room.
Now at the top became 3 room and 6 the bottom. The drugstore was placed quite. From the street there was a front garden, behind the house a large garden with a pond, berry and bath. In the yard there was a big shed for firewood and cattle. We had 2 cows and many chickens. Mom found that this house is even easier than the old one.
Us kids with Emma Kondratyevna sent for the day to the midwife, Doucet and late in the evening, we arrived to a new apartment in a cab where everything was arranged and tidy.
Volodya upstairs took up an entire room. Next to our room, Emma's Kondratyevna. For her to build another room. Under us was the kitchen and various storerooms. The bottom of the house was occupied by a pharmacy.
For living room bought new furniture, upholstered in blue velvet with roses -a sofa and 6 chairs, round card table to play cards.
Emma Kondratyevna mother learned to play at cards. We are often stopped by svetlovskiy — our good friend, young is not a married man. He courted Emma Kondratyevna. In the living room in the evenings playing cards.
In the new house with my studies things were also not the best way. The classes were held irregularly, in fits and starts. My mother studied with me in arithmetic, Emma kondratevna in Russian. German almost was not engaged, so Volodya did not know how to read or write, only speak. Moreover, Volodya and in Russian did not know how to speak correctly, although he was 5 years old. We had worked combined.
For example, "scissors" it is easier to say in German "share". Emma Kondratyevna he, too, would say, "Bitte." He's always had a misunderstanding with the maid. Volodya said "Gib Mir Shere", but the maid did not understand. Then he terribly was angry and was stomping with their feet. On the cry resorted mother and Emma kondratievna, then deal explained. So had the maid to remember the German word that Vladimir had used in his vocabulary.
In this winter, we first started to go to the rink on the lake Long. I was taught Emma kondratevna and Volodya Otton Karlovich rolled on the chair. He is very well ridden and cut different shapes. Mom in the first winter of 1892 on the rink did not go-observed mourning (photo).
Soon began fair. Again bought cereals, grain, flour, dry fruits. Otgon Karlovich came to Russia without winter clothes. He bought a raccoon fur coat for 100 rubles.
On Christmas to us with Volodya at the insistence of Otgon Karlovich for the first time made a Christmas tree. I was given a doll and has written a children's journal "Sincere word". Volodya gave the wooden soldiers and cannon.
On the second day after the New Year decided to make masks. For this lit candles on the Windows — this meant that the house tree and masks are invited to stop by. Masks come different. I saw them for the first time. There was a chimney sweep in velvet clothes, a boy, and a whole group dressed in peasant clothes. All in sandals, in the minds of some high caps. Played different scenes.
After the New year, January 10, 1893 was my mother's wedding. Married outside the city, in the village Church, because my mom didn't want her whole town looked like, "Surcica second time getting married, but also a year since her husband's death was not" (March 15).
Went on 4 horses: mother with matchmaker — the wife of the district police officer, Otgon Karlovich with best men. Emma kondratyevna also went with my best man Svetlovskiy, who was nicknamed "Boo". Svetlovskiy was a warden, but was told different funny stories and jokes and catching himself first laughed.
My mother is also appointed aferica, and my best man was a young man by the name Kamrava. I, of course, the Church did not go, but the best man, as was supposed, gave me a beautiful box of chocolates which I was very pleased. I was pleased that to this day I sewed crimson woolen dress and put Turner (pad), as was supposed then to adult ladies.
A cook from the hotel was invited to prepare a wedding dinner. Mom had a lilac silk dress, head veil, but with flowers of Lily of the valley, not Fleur d he was supposed to be for widows. At pasturing sites the Karlovic was a frock-coat and white vest.
On the table was a lot of food, and stretched a dinner for so long that I sit tired.
On the contrary, a little obliquely, sat a fat priest in a green cassock. Apparently he was very hot. He wiped down with a cloth and shouted "bitterly". Young stood up and kissed. Cloth the pop took with him, a month later, his wife brought it with an apology.
The next morning we got up late. Emma kondratyevna helping us to dress up he said that we were going to mother, said Hello and congratulated her on legal marriage.
Mom was sitting in the dining room and had tea Distillate Karlovich was in the pharmacy.
Go say Hello to dad. Now you have a new Pope and his need to so to invite to take
I ran into the hop, he hobbled after me.
In the pharmacy we held hands and cried, — Hello dad, new dad!
Then life went on as usual. We began to go to the skating rink often, but not to the lake, which was far from our new home, but on the same Pochtamtskaya street. There's a gentleman made a skating rink in his garden and even made a slide. He acquired seats on the skids and sleds that you can borrow.
Now with us has gone and mother. Dad used to take her along with him on the couch. Then dad was making out different shapes on the ice, and Emma Kondratevna and I were rolling mom and Volodya.
I was very seduced by Gorka. I wanted to get into it on skates. One day I succeeded, and I have since then every time riding a slide with pleasure. Such festivities have brought me great health benefits.
We slept next to Volodya on the separate beds. Around bed brother on the table put a jug of milk with cream. He was 5 years old, but he slept with a nipple. Remove cream nipple, nipple in the mouth, and so fell asleep, and if he woke up, then again dipped the nipple in milk.
Who was our stepfather?
Correct is: Otto Karl Hiller, Bomben.
Master of formation. He graduated from Derpt University with a gold medal. He was born in 1866 in East Prussia in the city of Insterburg.
(Located at the confluence of Angerapp (Appear) and Inster (Inster). The settlement has been known since ancient times. At the time the order was called in 1311, in 1572 received city rights. Among other things, the city housed enterprises for the processing of agricultural products, trade in forest and grain, as well as the famous tournament square. In 1939 he had 48700 citizens. Soviet name since 1946-Chernyakhovsk. Primas'. COJ. Surkov).
His father Carl Bombien was French, but lived in Prussia and worked as a simple blacksmith. In the Austro-Prussian war of 1866 fought on the side of Prussia. Returning from the war, he lived doing odd jobs, married the daughter of the farmer August Hiller, from the nearest village. In the same year they had a son Otto, and after 2 years the girl, Anna. Bombien long could not find a suitable job in Germany and in 1870 went with the whole family to Russia.
Settled in Narva. Son was then 4 years old, and daughter Anna — 2 years. Carl began working in railway workshops. Here, in Narva, in 1871 another daughter, Louise, was born. Then the family moved to Penza. Carl, working as a fireman, learned to train and began to drive trains. Long, by Russian standards, surname Hillier — Bomben gradually turned into a Giller.
I do not know for what reasons, but a couple of years back, the whole family moved to Dorpat (Yuryev — now TARTU, Estonia. Primas'. COJ. Surkov). There the Distillate Karlovich enrolled in school and studied it up to grade 5, after which the father gave him to a friend of the pharmacist in Narva pharmaceutical student. Then he was 16 years old. Without leave, within 3 years, the Distillate was forced to work terribly missing his family.
In 1885, Otton came home to hold an examination for an assistant pharmacist at the University of Derpt. Having successfully passed all examinations, he returned to Narva, to the same drugstore where worked as the assistant to the pharmacist three more years and returned to Derpt.
In the same year he entered the University of Dorpat. Since the total income of the family was quite meager, Otton Karlovich, while studying at the University, at the same time began to work as a city chemist. The sisters were in high school, and the eldest, Anne was only able to complete 3 classes. She fell ill with scarlet fever and completely lost her hearing.
Louise graduated from 4th grade, but funds for training are not enough. The sisters began to learn to sew and embroider. Anna sewed lingerie in a shop selling things. Louise was embroidery, and then she went to the same store as the saleswoman.
Otto Karlovich graduated from University at the age of 26 and was immediately hooked on the work of Eduard Fedorovich Kirillov Blofeld in managing pharmacy heirs Surkov K. Yu.
He came with Fraulein Bauer, we designed a governess. Almost all of his salary he sent home.
One day, in the winter of 1893, his father (Carl Bombien), going to the next flight, received a state sheepskin coat in the warehouse, and the sheepskin, as it turned out, was infected with anthrax. He was seriously ill, and on recovery was to sue the railway administration. But it didn't work out. Only from anxiety and cold, he received a fleeting consumption and died in March 1894.
In July 1893, my mother felt unwell. She was pregnant. Mom decided that we should make the icon on the feast of the Smolensk mother of God, to sanctify a new apartment and pray for the health of the entire family.
Friends aunt from the village Sciortino went to the Cathedral for the icon, and I also went with them. The icon was big, carried her two hard. Was quiet. I was walking sideways, behind the icon was a pop and a deacon with a censer. All counterclaims were baptized, came up, kissed the icon, and was held under her. That was the custom. So that our procession from the Cathedral through the market square on Pochtamtskaya street . lasted quite a long time. Mother, too, was worried, that we so long were.
Served at our house prayer. Then the priest went through all the rooms and everywhere sprinkled Holy water on all corners and at the pharmacy too. The icon wanted to take a few more families on our street and came for it. Out of curiosity, I followed the icon to all the houses. Prayer services were served everywhere, but much shorter than ours. Then we spent the icon in the Cathedral and went home.
Aunties from village Sciortino stayed with us for the night, and the next day began to call me to the village and mum let me go with Emma Kondratyevna. The village was in 3 versts from the city. We walked along a country road. Grew up around bread, oats, rye, flax, and meadows. The weather was very nice and hot. Here I the first time seen, as is growing bread.
In the village we were put at the table and treated to a wheat pie with fish. Moreover, the cake was not cut into pieces, but somehow unusual: the upper crust was removed and cut into pieces. She gave us a piece of the upper crust and said that the fish took plugs out, put on the crust and ate. All this was washed down with very sour kvass.
Then, girls, the hostess suggested that we go into the woods. There were a lot of pigeons in the woods. The girls were gathering berries in baskets, and I put in my mouth. We brought home a basket full of dove and cooked a delicious jelly, but the next day I had a headache. Mom said I was drunk on that berry.
Life went on as usual. I sedately walked with Emma Kondratyevna, because running and jumping I was banned. We in the yard playing croquet. When ripe the berries, Volodya helped her mother to collect them for jam, but more gathered in your mouth and overeat.
Often went on a visit to Duset and to the district police officer where there were many children with whom I with pleasure played. Volodya was not taken to visit because he could not run. He was left at home with a maid.
Emma kondratyevna had befriended the chief of police with Bonney and they spent time in the interest of their talk about young people.
September 17 celebrated my mother's birthday. There was lunch, then the guests drank tea and played cards. Emma kondratevna embroidered the mother to this day towel. On one end it was embroidered: "Dance Varyushka on my pirushka", and on the other — "a Gift horse in the teeth do not look."
In October died Dmitri Ivanovich loganin — husband of Lydia Ivanovna mom's friend. Mom and dad went to the funeral. Buried Dmitry Ivanovich at the cemetery at the monastery. The weather was cloudy. No sooner had the father and mother to return home as the storm came up, but so strong that roofs were blown off the Board and carried them to the wind, and spun. Then it rained so hard that in an hour all the barrels under the gutters were filled.
In November 1893, 13 days, just on Sunday, at 2 o'clock in the afternoon mother gave birth to a girl. It was during dinner. We all ran to look, and Volodya, knowing that we will not arrive in time, remained at the table unattended and pinales on pink cream, overeat.
The newborn had dark curly hair and thick hair, and his eyes dark blue, called Mary. To me it seemed a big doll that I really wanted to hold. While mom was lying in bed, the midwife, Doucet came every evening to bathe the baby. Volodya and I got up near the trough, watched and squealed in amazement when Maroussia squirmed faces and chatted with their feet and hands.
To Marus hired a babysitter-an old lady of 60 years from the village of Shortino. Her name was Mary. At times, Maria visited her daughter and brought her homemade cakes-flyers with potatoes and oatmeal. The nurse of course and we were treated to rustic Goodies.
Through three weeks after birth marusyu baptized. The godfather was written by Carl Bomben (father Distillate Karlovic) and my mother's mother — Irina Mikhailova (Spiridov). We Volodya put about font. Marusya was held by the midwife, Doucet, which led to his daughter Nina.
The priest made me recite the prayers that I knew and all was lost. Then he said only to say " Amen." Such "Amina" it was a lot and I eventually began to say "Amen" jerky and angry voice. Volodya, too, often looked and wanted was already somewhere to move, but Doucet he whispered, Volodenka Stand still and pray for his sister Mary. After these words, we began to pray and bow together assiduously. Finally the christening was over and all returned home. Drank for the newly baptized Mary, there was a snack and tea. We Ninotchka, Doucet ran in prikocko to the pharmacy and get up to mischief there. Otto Karlovich caught us and put on the counter on both sides of the Desk and said: -You are now a statue. Stand still.
We stood around, taking different poses of famous statues. Then to the pharmacy came my mother and said, — What kind of exhibition? - and she took us to the nursery.
The winter of 1893-94 was a very cold and Blizzard, so skating we went rarely. Didn't appear at home. Each of us had a Playhouse. Volodya has a wooden hut and I have a Ukrainian hut made of papier-mache. I cut out dolls from paper and did them women, and Volodya was painting. A game we could have a very long time.
The district police officer whose wife was the girlfriend of mother, in this winter strongly caught a cold and soon died of an inflammation of lungs. After the funeral, his wife and his whole family went away to his home. So, mom again lost a friend.
New police chief appointed his former assistant, who has long lived in Kirillov, also on Pochtamtskaya street. Bonn, Alexandra Fyodorovna, who worked at the former district police officer, (a friend of Emma's Kondratievna) went to work for the new.
In the spring of 1894 Emma kondratievna of seriously ill father and she returned to Novgorod. Then came my father's sister Luisa Karlovna. Daddy had walked, showed the city spoke German. He wanted his sister to stay with us instead of Emma Kondratievna. For us children, Luisa Karlovna was not paying any attention. For lunch, we began separately in the nursery. Only to tea, at 4 o'clock, we were put at a common table. The relationship did not develop…
Once, tea was served a meal of gorodovikov and the black currant jam. We, the children, the mother gave the cut gorohovik, smeared with jam. She offered to try and Luisa Karlovna the. A mouthful of a piece, L. K. suddenly ran from the table and ran to the sink, openly showing that she didn't like it.
In the end, after 2 or 3 weeks Luiza Karlovna went quarreled with my mother. I remember my mom cried and wanted to go to L. K., but she pushed away and only repeated one sentence: "Das ist shreklich!"(It's bad!). Dad was confused and didn't know how to reconcile them.
Emma kondratievna returned and life went into its course. Dad went with Vladimir to St. Petersburg to do the surgery and fix his leg. Having stayed in the capital for more than a month, they returned to Kirillov only in mid-July.
The operation was very difficult. Removed the bone formation and unfolded the foot, but did not have enough skin to sew up the wound. The skin took a with the knees, but at the hospital, he contracted measles and spent another 3 weeks in another Department.
The road from St. Petersburg to Kirillov was not very simple — by rail to Bologna, with a transfer to Rybinsk, then by steamboat to Goriz, then to Kirillov on horseback. Dad exhausted and lost a lot of weight. On the way home, Volodya had to carry arms, and in the 6 years he was quite heavy.
Volodya's houses ordered crutches, and he began to learn to walk independently. Once a week the doctor came to do the dressings on her foot and knee.
Soon mom began to say that he will take me to Novgorod to her grandmother Irina Aleksandrovna Mikhailova, for I was able to go to school. In early August, Sheksna was already in shallow water, and steamships did not run regularly. It was necessary to find out on what days they pass by the Highlands.
My mother went to Goritsky monastery to see the abbess and took me with her. Abbess (can't remember her name) was very thick and high. She gave us tea. Tea was served communion bread, but not common, which usually happen in the Church, and very large, the size of the cake which we baked for tea on Sundays. From abbess mother found out how many times a week, and what days is the boat.
A few days later, in the evening, we went to Goritsy. Dad followed us. The steamer, as usual, was late because of the shallow water and came only in the morning. We spent the night in some house. I fell asleep on the couch. Around me lay the Pope, and mother, afraid to miss the boat, dozing in a chair near the window.
The next morning we woke up, heard the ship's whistles, and soon began to gather. The steamer approached the pier. The Marina has already gathered the nuns with the abbess and sang a prayer. We said goodbye to dad and through this crowd with things passed on the ship.
On the way to Rybinsk the steamer stopped for 3 hours in Cherepovets. There lived a good friend mother doctor Kashenkin. He's still in the Kirillov treated us kids Karl Yul'evich Surkov. He then pulled me out of the hand of glass and treated the wound, when I was a child, smashed the window of a drugstore of his father. We got a cab driver who waited for us outside the doctor's house while we were away.
Mom, of course I wrote grandma and grandpa, when is going to come along with me. To see my mom and parents from the city of Old Rus in Novgorod came to her brother Konstantin Ivanovich Mikhailov with his wife and child. Came and the other son, which lived in Novgorod, Nikolai Ivanovich Mikhailov with wife. Nikolai was a Forester, Constantine-doctor. At home, with parents there lived another of mom's brother Grigory Mikhailov.
Grandma was in mourning. In March 1894 in St. Petersburg at the age of 17 died from typhoid fever younger son Sergei. He studied in the Cadet corps. Sergei was buried in early April, at the Volkov cemetery. The grandmother scared a cold at the funeral and was sick a long time.
The meeting was long-awaited and warm. All talked about his life-being, the good and the sad, about plans for the future. In the morning the adults were asleep a long time, because that went past midnight. My mother went to the school, which was on the same street. This women's high school mother graduated from 14 years ago. The boss even got to know mom.
Took me to take the examination in first class. Prepared I was very bad, as I was taught without textbooks. His parents sat on the exam in front of their desks and watched as their daughter behave.
He gave us sheets of letter paper and we dictated wrote only 8 lines, but all the names I wrote in small letters. Mom asked to see my paper and seeing such ignorance, decided to send me to a preparatory class.
My mother soon went home at the end of course we both cried.
To live I was in the room along with Augustine by Levinton -governess French. I didn't know her last name. Everything in the house called her by name and patronymic. In the same room, I worked, taught lessons, read. My grandmother began to teach me to read and write in French. Then they started giving me French children's books.
After half a year I already knew in French, and read books very willingly, especially since they were all with pictures. Augustina Osipovna taught me to sing a French song about a shepherd. I often was singing but didn't like that the grandfather is a retired General in his Cabinet, through the wall, minding my business. Grandfather, Ivan, brought me many books include James Fenimore Cooper, Mayne Reid, Kipling, and some more, and commanded them to read, not to howl, he said.
In General, I got into the hedgehog mittens: should obey my grandmother, grandfather and Augustine Osipovna. In addition to the lessons from the gymnasium, I had to learn French words daily, set by my grandmother. Nobody helped me in preparing lessons. The problem always solved itself, and in arithmetic I was "fine." I read clearly and expressively, because I read a lot at home, so reading was also "excellent". I wrote beautifully, but in the dictation of the first made quite a few mistakes and because, in the first 2 quarters I was "mediocre". Then he corrected himself and less "good" is not received. Transient exams in 1st class had all five.
My mother wrote that my father began to teach Volodya literacy that Volodya difficult to remember the letters and have not yet learned to read, but orally solves the problem well and loves to draw. Bought paint. He first of all draws with the pencil and then paints them.
Leg after surgery, completely healed and he became perfectly normal to walk. In winter, Otgon Karlovich began to teach him to skate, which Volod really liked, because before he could only watch . we ran around the rink and went down the hills.
In Novgorod I, too, has gone on steamroller. My grandmother let me go with her friend Maria Ivanovna. The rink was rapidly running boys and, thus, strongly waved his arms in all directions. Often touched me and I was falling, and all the ponies came home with bruises.
On Sunday came my cousin Boris Mikhailov, the son of mother's brother Constantine of the Old Rus. They are in the city too, like Kirillov, it was not school. Bob lived in a Dorm in high school, and spent Sunday with my grandfather. We became good friends. I even stopped going to the rink. But grandpa forbade us to run and mess around, so we played together in quiet games: Lotto, Domino, checkers, cards. After lunch at 6 PM he left.
When the gymnasium was the Church, where the carrier and us, the students. Every Saturday was appointed to whom to go, because the Church was small and the entire women's gymnasium in it did not fit. I had 1 once a month.
But once we were taken to Church all, right from school. He served the memorial service for the deceased King Alexander III. In the Church was very stuffy and cramped. Heavily stoned by the incense. My head was spinning. I should have knelt down and bowed. The next bow I couldn't get up off his knees, lost consciousness and remained lying on the floor. I woke up lying on the bench. Beside me stood a teacher and waving a handkerchief on the face. On the bench I sat through the memorial service, and then I went to high school, where he continued the lessons.
In December, 24 days was my name day. My mother sent me a package in advance: a beautiful red woolen dress and a box of cakes and chocolates. The parcel came 2 weeks before the name day. I told my grandmother that I wanted to invite girls from my class to my birthday party. Grandmother gave authorization.
Box with sweets I put on the shelf, which stood next to the Desk and did not look into it until the arrival of guests. Came to me four girls — my friends, seated them at the table and tea was served.
— Now I will treat you Cyril gingerbread and sweets, ' I said, taking from the shelf a box. But the box was extremely easy. Opened, and there on the bottom only of 3 frosted gingerbread. The rest, as usual.
I'm in tears and grandma, Where are all my Goodies? What will I treat the guests with?
The grandmother at first did not understand what was happening, and then brought sandwiches with white bread, butter and cheese. We ate, played and the girls left happy. Later, about the cakes and chocolates she said the last two weeks in the morning, came her son, (uncle Kohl's — Forester) and something chewed. He's probably all the Goodies and finished off, and I never tried any candy. How can I put this insult my niece!?
Grandmother in the form of compensation gave me a doll with eyes closed. However, I didn't have to play with the doll. Singing grandfather forbade, and talking loud, too... and the doll was on the shelf in a box. In the summer, before leaving home, I took her with me.
On my birthday, March 13, my mother sent a gift of candy and a small ball. I loved to play with him in classes, as it was then called. However, this pleasure soon came to an end.
In the room next to mine, lived the son of the grandmother is uncle Grisha, who had served as a police officer. He was generally a loser not graduated from high school, frequently drinking. Then one Sunday, they, along with my cousin Boreas, stabbed my ball, scored in his water and began splashing in all directions. The next day in two rooms and hallway — all were the white spots, because inside the ball was some kind of powder. Grandmother strongly scolded uncle Grisha, and me has bought a new ball around the, big, and told me to his no one not to lend.
The second notebook
I lived with my grandparents from August 1894 to June 1895. I can't say that it was a good life for me. I really didn't hurt, but not spoiled.
On Christmas holidays, my grandmother and I went to St. Petersburg to visit the grave of her son Sergei and see a doctor, as she and I were not safe with hearing because of complications after the disease.
In St. Petersburg stopped at her daughter (my aunt) Barbara Ivanovna Zaitseva (Mikhailova). Varvara Ivanovna was the son of 4 years, nick. There we lived for a week, went to see an ear doctor. On the penultimate day went to Volkov cemetery. There's uncle Sergei was raised black marble monument, enclosed by an iron fence. On a monument in a frame under glass the card was inserted. Grandma stood at the monument, crossed themselves and often wiped tears. The next day we went back to Novgorod.
Have returned home on the eve a New 1895 year. I was invited to the Christmas tree to friends. Colonel Gudima was our neighbor. He had two children: Borya's son studied in the second grade of the gymnasium, and Natasha's daughter was 6 years old, she was very developed and brisk.
We met on a walk. In good weather, the grandmother went with me to walk along the main street of Novgorod. Boris and Natasha, too, walked with the teacher. So we met, started talking and it turned out that we are neighbors. The grandmother agreed with the teacher that I will come with August Osipovna to visit them and speak, for practice, in French. I spoke little, was shy and listened more as Natasha naturally chatted in French.
It turned out that the tree I was invited to one. At 8 PM, the doors to the hall, where the decorated Christmas tree stood, were solemnly opened, with candles lit. We were invited to enter. The tree was very tall with lots of decorations and toys. Everything was solemn.
Children congratulated the father and mother in French happy New year. Bob told the French poem, and Natasha sang a French song. Parents gave them Christmas gifts: Bore-a writing instrument, and Natasha big doll. I also made a gift — a children's book with stories called "Grandma's snacks". Then all of us were sent to children's rooms and told to go to bed.
Children's rooms were four: borina, Natasha, Madame's room and classroom. The classroom was hung with maps, the walls had cabinets with books, mostly French.
Time went on as usual. Spring has arrived in 1895. My mom sent me a letter in which he said that she was born a boy. Brother named Sergei.
The scientist ended by may 15. I passed the exam 1 grade five. Until the beginning of June, the time passed waiting for me to take home to Kirillov.
At the end of may in Novgorod began the annual spring fair with rides, booths and lots of tents with all sorts of sweets.
At the fair we went, along with Augusta of the Osipovna. My grandmother gave me 1 ruble for the hotels and I spent it all on the carousel, gingerbread, candy and ice cream. Ice cream I have not eaten for a long time, and during the year I have never been given such sweets as were at the fair. Home in time for tea served only jam. Remember that a serving of ice cream placed between two round waffles, it was worth 5 cents.
Behind me came of Bonn, Alexandra, who now lived with the new Cyril police officer. His daughters also studied in Novgorod at the Diocesan school. They lived in the monastery.
The girls were already adults — 15 and 16 years old. Of course, above all, Bonnie was tasked bring in Kirillov daughters of the district police officer, and together and me. Alexandra Feodorovna in the same College educated and her sisters are 14 and 9 years old. Manya was the name of 14-year-old girl. She was gorbatenkaia and very little growth.Alexandra took all the tickets: three adults, two on Vi ticket (me and my 9 year old sister), and Gorbatenko pack for V*. ticket, saying that she's only 7 years old.
In Ukraine I was met by mom. After riding 7 miles arrived at the main square Kirillova, where we met my nanny Mary.
I was very happy that they were finally home. My mother immediately gave me the same dress as I saw on mana Vodenko and red saffiano shoes with red ribbons.
The first Sunday I am in it and got dressed up, and she could not stop looking at. I liked this whole costume so much that I wore it every Sunday.
Volodya recovered completely after the surgery and now walked on his own and even ran faster than me. Now it was my friend in various games and climbing trees.
In the garden behind the house was quite deep and overgrown with slime pond. Near the pond grew an old, old cherry tree we loved to climb together and sitting on a branch, eating berries.
Volodya's childhood was some engineering flair. He loved anything to build in our yard from the boards. This time he decided to build a bridge from one corner of the pond to another. At both coast piles were made and nailed boards, and on the middle of the bridge the floating part, like a raft was conceived. The bridge, as the bridge, but now I had to try it.
Brother didn't want to do that, knowing the precariousness of his facilities, and I did not realize that floating a part of me does not hold and boldly went on the nailed boards. But I entered the middle, as she began to sink into the water. Having plunged to a belt, I began to shout "good Mat" because I was very afraid of leeches.
Near the garden was a babysitter with the little Mary, who, frightened by my scream, clung to the nurse, which did not allow her to step and step. Volodya, too, was frightened and didn't know what to do. Finally, he and the nanny pulled me out, all dirty, in Tina. My wonderful saffiano shoes storability and they never managed to fix.
At this time we lived in Kirillov with your mother. Dad before my arrival, went to Arkhangelsk to our relatives Blosfeldta. Eduard Fedorovich had a drugstore in Solombal and Otton Karlovich worked while at it.
In autumn the whole family had to move to Arkhangelsk. Me and Volodya had to learn, in Kirillov, in addition to parochial elementary schools, other academic institutions did not exist.
Our pharmacy was temporarily run by some local pharmacist. Waiting for the arrival of another-Eduard sulevich Surkov-my father's brother.
Until the departure, Volodya and I had fun and went to the garden to eat berries. Usually, we were not allowed to do this, even locked the garden on the castle, because they protected the berries for jam. And now, in view of the rapid departure, gave the whole garden for our use. Oh, and we were stuffed with all sorts of berries!!! Especially good was gooseberry, bushes which grew around the pond.
Ended July. And in early August I had to go to Arkhangelsk, as the teaching was started in August 15th…
ARKHANGELSK.
The road our was an obscure. It was 1895. Transport links in the Russian hinterland was primitive-horses, steamer.
To Vologda 120 miles rode on horseback for two days. The autumn weather was drizzling. In the wagon with a raised top sat a mother with breast Sergei and nurse Mary, and between them the girls. Behind, on bumpy carriage I was driving and Sasha Eremin, who was to escort us to send it from Vologda to tow the boat our chests to Arkhangelsk.
Serezha was 6 months old. Mom from the worry of lost milk, and somehow I had to feed the baby? Had to feed him warm cow's milk, which is warmed in the spirit lamp, stopping in a field.
Mom was kidding:
— We're like Gypsies, the Gypsy encampment.
Late in the afternoon of the second day moved to Vologda. Driving up to the river, heard that the steamer gave two beeps, so there are 15 minutes before departure. The carters began to drive horses and quickly drove up to the pier. Mom ran to get tickets. Barely managed to buy tickets in 1st class. Broke a take one double cabin and one seat in a common. Things were so dirty that we weren't allowed to put them in cabins. Had to leave on the covered deck in 1st class.
On the boat rode 5 days. At Vologda Sukhona and was slow — it was shallow water. In order not to run aground at the bow of the ship stood a man, and the measured depth. When I walked into the Northern Dvina, the picture had changed completely. The river is very wide and stormy, and the closer to the mouth, the it became more deep and stronger.
Near to Arkhangelsk 20 miles, and anchored. The steamer swung so that filled the wheels and the water fell into the engine room. Stood for 5 hours, then broke off the chain with the anchor and the steamer began to fuse with the flow. The sailors on the boat against the tide I swam to look for the anchor, but were unable to find a Parking spot. The shore was so monotonous that it was impossible to determine how far the ship was demolished. So, instead of 12 o'clock in the afternoon, the steamship approached to Arkhangelsk pier at 7 o'clock in the evening on August 10.
We were supposed to meet dad, but on the pier, no one had. As it turned out, the Distillate Karlovich came, waited a long time, went, came again several times. Mom didn't know where to go and all left to wait on the boat, and they sent me on duty at the Marina. It seemed to me that I long to go back and forth... Suddenly, you see the father goes directly into the steamer, and by me!?
It turned out that he just do not know me, because I grew up and became taller than his shoulder, despite the fact that I was only 10 years old.
On the cabs we are all brought to the relatives on the street "Promenade" by Emilia E. of Balquis. The next day he sent to Blofeld in Solombala.
(Colombia is an island in the riverbed of the Northern Dvina. Also called the entire island and coastal area. To St. Petersburg it was the only sea port in Russia — window to Europe. Here 1 Peter in 1693 founded the first shipyard in Russia (Solombalsky ship) versr. The ward. S. Surkov).
Dad needed a few days to find an apartment and Pat me on the device in high school, and Volodya in any prep school.
Edward F., Blofeld was married to a sister of my own father Natalya Yulevna Surkova, now, Blofeld. They had six children: Louise, Hugo, Emily, Elena, Anna and Friedrich (Fyodor): Louise was married to a lawyer Jasinski; son Hugo studied at St. Petersburg University law faculty; Emily was married to engineer Balquis and they already had a daughter, Gretchen; (high Quality bricks for new buildings were made in the Arkhangelsk in a brick factory "Association of Barkwith and Vitt" is an excerpt from the website "the Town of Arkhangelsk»)
Friedrich (Fede) was 15 years old and he studied in the 6th grade gymnasium; Anna and Elena were still small and, like Fedya, lived with their parents.
Here is us with Volodya and settled on time to them.
In Arkhangelsk we have returned, when our already settled down on apartment. Apartment was much, from five rooms. The house stood on the street called "New road".
The city stretched along the right Bank of the Northern Dvina river for 15 miles, and the width was only 4 streets: the "Promenade", "Trinity Avenue", "Average prospect" and "New road" and then stretched for many miles the tundra. It was a swampy place with stunted birch trees and bumps, where grew a lot of berries. Remember that I grew up dove and some black people are very sweet and juicy berries. But the mushrooms didn't seem to grow.
In the center of Arkhangelsk, the Northern Dvina river was divided into sleeves. One sleeve was not navigable and was called Grasshopper. Through him arranged a bridge to Solombala, which during the drifting dismantled.
The other sleeve behind the island of Solombala called Maimaxa. He was wider and deeper. Here on large ocean-going ships were loaded timber.
On the river back and forth scurrying small boats Arkhangelsk industrialist, DOMO - and the shipowner Jacob Makarova and, therefore, they were called "macaroni".
The whole of the ancient city was standing on the right Bank of the river and the left Bank of the Islands were mountainous (high) and was called "Isakogorka" (the name of the village). From the river up to the village was built a staircase.
In Arkhangelsk was my uncle — the eldest of the brothers Surkov, albert Yulievich. On the banks of the Northern Dvina river he had a beautiful wooden house in Russian style, and near the brewery. Albert yulevich owned on shares with father-in-law also the largest sawmill "Surkov and Shergold" and distillery on the 6th verst from Arkhangelsk.
Excerpt from the website on the Internet: Memorable events and anniversaries in the history of the city of Arkhangelsk in 2001 120 years ago at the distillery partnership "Surkov and Shergold" was installed frame for sawing boards, then built on its basis sawmill. In Soviet times, based on it worked Lesozavod № 3, LDK Klenina today — JSC "Northern timber partnership-sawmill No. 3". Source:the Chronicle of the city of Arkhangelsk. 1584-1989 gg — Arkhangel'sk: SEV.-Zap. book publishing house, 1990.
The Internet is also the site of the Sawmill №3 (httpWwww.lesozavod.ru)
The page of the site "History of the enterprise" begins as follows:
At the end of the XIX century Archangel timber industry MARMOTS and SHERGOLD on the outskirts of the Northern port city, leading for a long time to trade abroad with forest products, founded a distillery, and then built a sawmill. Date of Foundation of the enterprise-July 16, 1881. From October 10, 1992 — "Northern timber partnership — sawmill No. 3»
1898 — it is desyatinny sawmill.
1913 — the plant operated 13 sawmills RAM, where he worked for more than a thousand workers. Notes Surkov XIU.
Uncle albert was the only one son, Arno. To son was not boring, the uncle took care of his nephew, Bruno (Gref) Surkov.
Arno was blond, and Bruno, brown hair. They studied first in the Arkhangelsk school, but were both pretty lazy, and 6th grade they were transferred to Kiev gymnasium. In Kiev lived their relatives Ikonnikova.
His cousins Arno and Bruno, I first saw in June of 1896, over lunch at Blofeld.
Arno and Bruno Surkov were passionate hunters. They are in the summer holidays he often went hunting in the woods and spent a week or more. They told me that provisions were taken, it seemed enough, but it was never enough.
Especially not enough sugar, said Arnault, drank Tea first before, then a bit of sugar, but in the end priglyadno.
- Stuck in the ground pegs, tied to him the last piece of sugar and rocked. When a piece flew to Arno, he's looking for sugar, made a SIP of tea. Chat on the rope, sugar, flew to me, -said Bruno.
The next day after our Volodya coming to the new apartment, that is August 16, I already had to go to school.
Women's gymnasium was located on Trinity Avenue, and the house of the Governor, and from the corner was the fire tower, where it is always on duty firefighter. Next to the women's gymnasium was a man's, separated from the women's, high stone wall. The older pupils managed to get her to look into the courtyard of a girls ' school.
By winter, we moved back to another apartment in a stone house on the Cathedral hill. There were only three rooms, but large.
Here we had the pleasure to see every day a military parade. First, at 9 a.m. a company of soldiers went to Church and after the service, lined up against our house, face the Cathedral.
There was some military commander, greeted, and soldiers in reply something "barked", but we did not understand words. Then the soldiers went marching to the drumbeat. Loved it to Volodya and he home we also tried to pace, at the same time, hard to beat children's drum.
Volodya also identified in a private cooking school, which was located on the same Cathedral street. He worked second shift and my mother always sent him to on the way home, fell under the horse.
Don't know why, but by the summer we again changed the apartment and settled in the second floor of the house on the corner of Cathedral and New roads. Now Volodya was close to walk to the gymnasium and school.
Dad went to work from the pharmacy E. F. Blofeld to albert Yul'evich Surkov at the brewery, chemist.
At the end of July 1896, we accompanied the Pope on a long journey. At the urging of albert Yul'evich Surkov, he was sent to Belgium, to study the pulp and cause.
A huge ocean liner loaded with Arkhangelsk TES went to Antwerp in the White sea, Barents sea, Atlantic ocean and North sea. We got on the boat and looked at dad's cabin. Pope then mentioned, that the road this took a 12 days.
Usually on Sundays, dad and I were walking and Volodya on the tundra outside of town. We collected berries and flowers. Now we don't have anyone to walk and play in the yard with the daughters of our landlord mammoth, I loved and preferred to spend his free time at home behind the books.
I didn't have any children's books. Read the Appendix to the magazine "Niva" Dostoyevsky. Mom was very fond of Dostoevsky and advised me to read the novel "Teenager" — I liked it. In the living room stood a bookcase with books, sofa, chairs and table covered with a long tablecloth. Here, sitting in chairs, lying on the couch and even on the floor, I read his novels. I read "Demons", "Humiliated and offended", "Crime and punishment", "Idiot", "Brothers Karamazov". Of course, I half didn't understand because I was only 12, but wanted to quickly become an adult.
August 7 (old style), born Boris, what the Pope was immediately informed by telegram. Here is where he showed the Gypsy the line grandmother Spiridovo. Bob was born brown and crispy. Beautiful boy.
Volodya quickly found friends and disappeared with them on the street all day. Other times even the lunch did not come, and then in the kitchen asked for something to eat and again disappeared until the evening…
In the winter of 1896 we came to mother Otgon Karlovich: August Samuilovna with his two sisters — Anna and Louise. We had 5 rooms in the apartment, so everyone was accommodated.
So we lived without a dad in the summer and winter until April, 1897.
There was no railway between Vologda and Arkhangelsk at the time. It only just started to build.
On March 8, we all got sick. I fell ill with measles and I caught Mary and Serge. Borya managed to isolate, but the colds and he became ill with pneumonia.
Just at the beginning of April, when we were all sick and came dad. There was a thaw. They, along with uncle albert 6 days rode on horseback from Vologda to Arkhangelsk. On the road, dad got his feet wet and immediately upon arrival fell ill. Put it in the living room. In General, the whole house was a mansion. Only Volodya did not boast, because he suffered measles in 1893 in St. Petersburg, when he underwent surgery.
Three weeks of illness I missed quite a few lessons. Had to go to friends and find out what without me were and on what items. It turned out that in our class, many were sick with measles, must have been an epidemic. I quickly adjusted everything and at the end of April I went to the gymnasium. Dad recovered only in early may.
The scientist ended in late may and I was transferred to the 3rd grade without any complications. Volodya went to the last class prep school.
In the summer we went to the village "Kegostrov", which was on the island. "Makar" went there a few times a day, so that communication with the city was good.
In village lived in peasant hut in the second floor. In Kegostrov all peasant houses were two floors, because the second floors were rented for summer cottages, the residents of Arkhangelsk.
The river was close and near the shore is shallow, but this summer my mom forbade me to swim, because after the illness I am very thin and weak.
Dad brought me some books and I read them at night, not even lighting a fire, because in June in Arkhangelsk is very bright at night. I read "Ivanhoe" by sir Walter Scott, and several books of Jules Verne. Volodya went with friends to fish and swim. This summer he learned to swim well.
Once dad said that Arnaud and Bruno will go on the hunt for "Makar" by Kegostrov. We went to the beach, waved and wished her "break a leg", as always I wish the hunters.
One day he suddenly had a large tumor on his forehead. Just an amazing size, with a teaspoon. My mother was very frightened and sent me to Arkhangelsk to my father so that I could tell him everything and bring him some medicine.
The weather quickly deteriorated. I went to "Makar". On the Dvina was just a storm. A small steamer then took off on a wave, then fell into the abyss. I was the only passenger. Apparently, no one dared to swim in this weather, and I just have nowhere to go. Gotta!
To sit in the cabin were not very comfortable. Thrown across the shop so that you can make a bunch of bruises. Then I stood in the cabin doorway and held onto the doorsteps. Then I at least saw people — the captain and the engineer, who were working at the machine. The waves washed over the deck…
We reached the Cathedral pier and I rather ran to my father's work. He wrote a few recipes and ordered from the pharmacy immediately go back, not coming to it.
On the Dvina river the waves died down, the tide was low, of course, rocked, but not as much. Imagine my surprise when I saw that he is no trace left of the cones. Quite smooth the forehead. The peasant said that it is a mosquito bite and it is necessary to apply a cloth with cold well water. So have made, and all passed.
Grandma, August Samuilovna and aunt Luisa Karlovna and Anna Karlovna had lived with us all winter, while my dad studied in Belgium. In the summer, when we left for the cottage in Kegostrov, they moved into a Studio apartment on A new Road. Luisa Karlovna could not get along with mom — to her it wasn't okay, didn't like the Lunches and the order of the day.
Lidia, the wife of albert Yul'evich, staged Luisa Karlovna in the governess to their friends. Anna Karlovna was completely deaf, but she was very good at sewing. Lydia Ivanovna and she got the job. Thus, they are at least a little bit, but earned for themselves.
Dad couldn't help them. He earned 100 rubles a month, and the family was big: mom, me, Volodya, Marusya, Serezha and Borya. In addition, they kept the cook. It was very difficult to live with. We had to pay for our Volodya doctrine. Free then not taught.
In the summer he passed 9 years. Though he graduated from prep school, but spoke and wrote very wrong and the mother was thinking of leaving him in this school for another year. But Volodya did not want to stay in school and he went to take the exams in the 1st class gymnasium.
According to arithmetic well solved all the problems, read and told what was read and according to the Law of God answered all the prayers, but in a letter under dictation made so many mistakes that he was again in the preparatory class, only in the gymnasium.
Mother hired for him a teacher to engage in the Russian language. The teacher just came in despair that she could not teach him how to speak and write correctly. So, the word "man" he could have said: "chelovek", "chelovek", "people". Did not pronounce: W, H, W, W, R and L. in the class he was put for dictation zero "with radiance" (with three cons).
Apparently he got tired and he stopped going to school, but every morning I left the house with a knapsack and returned home in 2 hours. Everything's normal.
So lasted 2 weeks. Finally, from the school sent to find out what Vladimir is sick and when it comes.
Mom was very surprised, As not attending? He goes to high school every day!
They began to interrogate Volodya and it turned out that he plays cards with the guys in the barn. Mom carved it. She was in tears, but the sec is unrelenting.
That such trick did not happen any more, gave it to a boarding school. Had to pay more, but it was necessary to learn. Here Volodya "pressed". The class teacher was a strict German, and such that for every fault put in solitary confinement on bread and water.
Mom on Sundays with impatience waited, and he was not. They sent me to find out why he wasn't let go home on Sunday. It turns out, punished — sits in a punishment cell. Again found.
In the same year mom accidentally met in the market his longtime friend Cyril, Natalia Bank Rogachev. Kirillov her husband becomes a police officer, and now held the rank of police captain. He lived in Pinega g and family in Arkhangelsk, because in Pinega was not high school, and the children had to learn. Rogachev had four daughters and one son. Daughters, Anna, Vera and Lida studied in high school, and the younger, Katya, was my age and studied in the same class with me. The boy's name was Volodya and he was also our age, but lived with his father and studied at the prep school.In the summer of 1898, we again rented a cottage in Kegostrov, but have lived in other hosts, just on the shore of one of the branches of the Northern Dvina. There for girls arranged a bath, that is, fenced a small space so as not to swim in deep places.
In this year summer was very hot and we were all told to sit in the sun and "pierce", as my mother said. I was allowed to swim no more than two times a day. Volodya, with the boys bathed almost ten times a day.
Rogacheva, except the two eldest, came once to see us in Kegostrov. Dad bought a big boat — the old boat. On it, together with the guests we went for a walk. Stopped on the shore, where before the forest was a small clearing. Here we drank tea, as they say, in the lap of nature.
Then came for a few days, Lida and Kate. We spent a lot of time on the river. Surf was washed ashore a lot of branches and knots. We liked to walk on the shore barefoot, but with unusual happened very well. In the morning, during the tide, the water level in our bath reached my neck, and in the outflow of water was slightly above the knee.
One Sunday at karbas we went for a walk for the whole day. I wanted to know what there is further down the river.
Went for a long time: all forest and forest — tall, beautiful pine. Finally saw the village. Mooring to the shore came and stopped in a peasant house. Drinking tea, went into the woods. In the forest was very dry, Between high pines grew small pine trees, some, as kustiki.
Under one of them daddy caught the little gray Bunny, which wasn't even out. I took him in my arms, wrapped in his jacket. He warmed up and even fell asleep, so and brought his in peasant hut. There were fed milk. The owner said he'd take the hare to the Governor.
Kegostrov opposite was another island, but the swampy and desert. There was hay. A stream ran through the island. One day the Pope decided to explore this stream. Mom agreed to go this time, but gave us little in the way of provisions. Dad took me, Volodya, and our cook, Mary.
Mary rowed, dad rules, but my brother and I were passengers. The road was long. We sailed early in the morning at eight o'clock. Sailed 4 hours, and small river and of the late not was. Stopped, ate. Volodya dad went into the woods, and I'm with Manya remained in the boat. Mary was tired and lay on the bottom of the boat to sleep, and I began to read a book that took a "Pushkin's fairy Tales".
Out of the woods dad he brought a lot of color. Were these yellow flowers (can't remember the name), but if they break, they singled out the red juice. Dad said that according to legend it was the blood of John the Baptist, who in prison, was beheaded.
Let's go. Now dad got on the oars, and Masha on the wheel. The rules and sang a song. In return, I recorded Masha's words:
"The lake is wide-fresh fish a lot.
The net I'll throw, svejo the fish are removed, the Net will spread — sturgeon take out.
I'll sit in the green garden.
Will svejo to clean the fish.
Fresh fish — Northern pike, and white sturgeon.
I will sit at the valley-to mile on the path.
Where honey will not go — he wouldn't pass me.
The sleigh will be put in the city ride.
The city is not a village-Arkhangelsk province".
Finally a small small small river runs out aswell and opened broad river Northern Dvina river. The left Bank was very high. Upstairs was a village "Isakogorka". To her from the shore led to the stairs. The ladder had a small wooden pier-raft. We tied the boat to the pier and went up to the village to drink tea in front of the long road.
Have moved in opposite path. On Dvina rose big waves of-tide. The river has met opposition from the sea and the water rose. Not far from us commanded another boat with three men. Here Masha has shown its strength. So rowed that did not allow the boat to pass us.
By 8 o'clock in the evening we were stuck to the Kegostrov. My brother and I ran home, and dad and Masha remained to get a boat to the pier, tied, and the oars and steering wheel took home.
On the sandy banks of the river were some cooking. Was soon to be a holiday — the Day of Elijah (20/VII old style). Built booths, carousels, and something else.
The festivities began. Already by 12 o'clock the young village girls dressed up in the nice dresses and went to all the streets of the village with songs. One verse I have memorized and recorded:
"Wonderful month floats over the river,
All is in the stillness of the night.
Anything on light is not necessary,
Only to see you, my dear,
Only to see you endlessly,
To admire your beauty!»
Then the girls changed clothes and led a round dance on the Bank of the river at the barns. The evening was changing for the third time and went for a walk already in pairs with their Cavaliers, who bought them carrots, sunflower seeds, rolled on the carousel, watched the farcical actors. The festival lasted for two days... we Returned to Arkhangelsk in August…
Began a new academic year. I went to grade 4, and brother again in prep and lived in a Dorm.
In November, died suddenly Seryozha. He was 4 years old. Maroussia, Sergei and Boris played together, played pranks. Suddenly, Seryozha fell and lost consciousness. Called the doctor, did a hot bath, but he never regained consciousness and died last night. The doctor said that nothing could be done — it's meningitis.
Serezha was buried outside the city in the cemetery near the monastery {perhaps the Archangel Michael), a monument. In the spring, we brought back wild flowers.
Winter of in this year was very the cold. The temperature often reached -25 gr. and lower. My mom even made me a cotton skirt so I wouldn't get too cold.
By January 1899 they had completed the construction of the railway from Vologda to Arkhangelsk, but the bridge over the Northern Dvina river was not built. The road ended in Isakogorka. Winter over the river traveled in cabs, and in the summer on the "Makarych".
On 9 January a boy was born. Called Anatoly. For a long time we could not find a nanny and my mother took turns caring for him. Mom in the morning, while I was in high school, then she went to the market and it was my turn.I was taught to swaddle the baby. My husband was very calm, did not shout hurl. Dry slept quietly and, only gave signals, when was wet. At the end of January roofing baptized. Mom appointed me a godmother and godfather to me was my uncle E. F. Blofeld.
In February, the dad on the new railway left in Vologda province at the river Sukhona, where the Russian-Belgian joint-stock company built a pulp and paper mill…
Now, as an adult, I understand why dad then said that Belgians are very ' stingy. It was offered two places: the First, on the left coast of Sukhona on lands of the landowner Oliman and the second, on the right coast at the landowner Rukhlov. Here, two kilometers from the farmstead was a station Sukhona Vologda-Arkhangelsk railway.
The Belgians regretted the extra money — Rogowska estate was worth more, but to build a factory it was much more profitable. It was possible to carry out a railway line to the factory and to deliver all freights directly from sukhon station.
Subsequently, after the revolution, W/d branch to the factory was made, but not on the left side of the Sukhona from the station and 3 kilometers from the station, after the bridge, from the platform Pechatkin.
...Dad was on the construction of the factory two months, and returned to Arkhangelsk in April, 1899, and in mid-may, went away again, but with Volodya. The case went to the fact that we will soon (in early June) had to leave Arkhangelsk on the factory, where we'll be Topping Karlovich.
I finished 4th grade and exams continued until the end of may. At this time in Arkhangelsk unexpected snowfall, was -3 -4 gr. frost's. The snow lay three days. On may 30th I was given a certificate of completion of 4th grade of the gymnasium.
Mother began to keep within in the road, and us, all children, except Tolya, and the nanny sent to a summer garden where at this time the holiday devoted to the 100 anniversary of A. S. Pushkin was spent.
There we watched the concert and even received gifts. Gave me "the Tale of Tsar Saltan" Volodya "the Golden Cockerel", Marusya portrait of Pushkin, and Bor gave nothing. He was very upset and I gave him my book.
A few days later we went to the Vologda province. The terminal station of the railway was in Isakogorka, on the other side of the Northern Dvina. Across the river were transported by "Makar". From home to the ship, mother with a small Tolia was driving a cab, and I, the mourners us nanny Tolley, went to the Marina on foot. The railway station was just opposite the monastery, which stood on the edge of Arkhangelsk.
SPARROWHAWK
We got on the train around 12 o'clock in the afternoon, and arrived at the station Sukhona only the other day in the evening. The road was new, the train was slow and very shaky.
We were warmly welcomed by dad and Volodya. Then all had to walk about a kilometer along the railway branches to the river. There we waited for a big boat. After the Northern Dvina Sukhona river seemed to me a very narrow and quiet.
Finally arrived. The house in which we settled for the first time, stood by the road that passed along the Sukhona river. Just over a common the fence was 5 homes. On one side of the fence was a road, and on the other branch (gate), which immediately began the field of rye.
It was near the village Sokolovo and so the factory was called "Falcon".
Factory residential buildings, where all workers and employees lived was only: 5 houses in a fence near the river Bank and 4 houses behind the factory, and then began a swampy mixed forest.
Laid on me the duty to watch over Mary and Northwind to from home never left. Around the soil was clay, it often rained and it happened that the guys got stuck in clay, even near the house.
Over the summer Bob so I was used to that he started calling me "mom" and wept when I said that I will soon be going away to study. It took me to wean. With him began to walk the nanny Bit.
In mid-August, my mother took me to Vologda to determine the 5th grade of the gymnasium and boarding school for all state. As a result, took me without any exams, because the evidence for grade 4 was a good mark.
Parting with my mom I cried bitterly the first day on arrival to the orphanage, could not even eat.
Rules in the boarding school was strict. In the dining room went in pairs and in strict silence.
Bedrooms (dormitories) were in the second floor, and a dining room in the first. There were 65 girls of different ages in the boarding school, who also studied in different classes. In the dining room were 4 large tables. At the head of each table sat a great lady, and the younger, the headmistress of the boarding school Vera Levitskaya is a very strict lady.
Before tea, Breakfast, lunch and dinner, when all were in their places, Vera Nikolaevna got up, then all got up, and eighth-graders took turns reading the prayer "our father", and after eating "Thank you.
Volodya was left to study at the Arkhangelsk gymnasium. He and his fellow traveler were sent to Arkhangelsk, where he was also placed in a boarding school. The boarding school was the same, where a strict German tutor punished boys with a punishment.
On holidays Volodya was taken to his relatives Blosfeld and Surkov. It is up to class 5 didn't come home, even on a two-week Christmas vacation, but only for the summer.
I'm from Vologda, came often. There were some 3 day holidays in August, then in October, 3 days and 22 Dec we had already been dissolved on Christmas day to Epiphany (January 6, old style).
Form we have, internatom was breech. Gray Camelot dresses with open collar and short sleeves above the elbow. The neckline was covered with white Batiste drape, and short sleeves tied on ribbons white sleeves. Top wore a black apron with no bacon.
In this form, we went to the class, and after the lessons changed into home dresses. It was a skirt of blue tick in pinstripe, and the top jacket from the white canvas with sewn to her apron.
The General routine in the girls ' school was such:
Morning in the dining room was 8 hours because tea be sure to read the notebook long morning prayer, then their seats. Half of the 9th began with morning tea: two slices of white bread, a Cup of tea and a small mug of milk.
At 12 o'clock there was a General change for Breakfast: one dish and necessarily a large Cup of milk, which was drunk, eating black bread.
Classes at the school ended at half past two, then we changed clothes and went under the supervision of classy ladies to walk along the boulevards of the city. The walk lasted more than an hour.
Returning to boarding school for half of the 5-th, and in 5 hours I went to lunch. On duty earlier was going to set the table and sneaked under the apron brought their girlfriends crusts of black bread. We all went hungry and black bread seemed like the most delicious treat.
For lunch there were three dishes and a rather varied menu. It ended at 6: 00.
From 6 to 8-30 PM taught lessons in the classroom, where they were engaged in the day. At 8: 30 went to drink tea in the evening, same as morning.
Then in pairs, through the hallways and went back to the biggest class of the gymnasium for the evening prayer. There is someone senior on a notebook read a prayer for 15 -20 minutes. After, a student in the first 4 classes went to the bedroom. Before bed be sure to brush your teeth with the powder and wash with cold water up to the waist. Pupils of 5-8 grades were still almost 10 hours to teach lessons. At 10: 00 everyone should be in the bedroom to get ready for bed.
My health was weak and I often got cold and sick, and our dresses were light. It was necessary to lie several days in the infirmary which at us was through the yard in the wooden house.
In the 6th grade by spring I began to cough. Bronchitis on the way passed and mom at the end of April arrived and took me home.
Parents subscribed to the magazine "Niva", which was always very nice app — works of some famous writer. This time it was Turgenev.
Here I am in the summer and began to read, sitting in the grove around the house in a hammock. The grove biiga birch and adjoined directly to our houses at the river Bank.
The factory "Sokol" was no doctor, only a paramedic, and then a company commander. Doctor V. F. Fisher visited us from the city of Kadnikov. Dr. Fisher was a very interesting and cutting-edge man at the time. Member of temperance Societies, former revolutionary, is sent under supervision in the town of Kadnikov.
He came three times a week and often stayed overnight with us. In winter, his whole family lived in Vologda, because four of his five children (Fyodor, Catherine, Leonid, Lydia and Nicholas) studied, who in the real school, who in the gymnasium. The wife of Dr. Nadezhda was a very sociable lady, participated in Amateur performances.
The Director of the factory since 1899 was Mr. spielman. Wife Maria and three children — Mary, John and Anna. The children were put in charge of a governess was German. Vanya was the same age as our Volodya. They quickly became friends and when he came for the summer holidays, spent all free time together.
From Kemi came to the position of chief accountant Gavriil Ivanovich, Lopato. Lived in the house opposite ours. The first acquaintance with his wife Sophia Mikhailovna left an unpleasant residue.
They brought furniture that had to be unpacked and placed in the house. So Mrs. Weiss, perhaps some small money to hire for the job workers have provided us with Volodya and Ivan Shpilman to help get the house in order, then promising to drink their tea with jam.
Children in good faith unpacked everything and placed furniture then, also with pleasure drank tea and ate all jam served to a table.
Sofia Mikhailovna could not calm down, repeating it, Imagine after a whole vase of jam is eaten.
No wonder. For their hard works is still small, but listen to CM. it was unpleasant.
The next winter, the spielman family moved to Vologda. Masha and Vanya entered the gymnasium, and Anya was younger and studied while at home.
At our houses that behind the General fence, began to be engaged in improvement. To cover the clay, novoseli defective chips with two feet and then fell asleep normal land from the forest, planted pine, birch and bushes. Now can be was to do and vegetable gardens.
Berry bushes and raspberries had to be discharged from Moscow. There was a German company", Immer and son". They sold not only seedlings of berry bushes, but also seeds and tubers of any garden flowers.
My mom let me go to the cadets, stay at Fisher's for two weeks. Nadezhda tried to make children as much as possible were in the air and properly burned in the summer.
One hot day she took us on foot to a nearby village. We walked the field between the rye, which has become to keep up. In the village where we stayed, the owner was going to press his slip of rye and offered to help her. Distributed sickles. Katya and Lida already knew how to handle the sickle, and I was very bad — the hammer picked up the first time. With sin in half I only and was able cut two hoppers, and Katya and Lida a host a sheaf clicked.
After I got back to Falcon, Lida Fisher came to us. We almost every day went for a walk in the woods, and mom was with us to let Mary and Bob.
By the end of the summer I got stronger, recovered and calcined by the sun. Vacation ended and I returned to school again in 6th grade. This winter I was not sick and was a good student.
Made friends with Verushka Petrova, who came to us for Christmas and carnival. The boarding school was quarantined for scarlet fever and we stayed home for the first half of the post.
From school wrote that we have to pooveli in the local Church, and the factory Church was not. In four versts from the factory was the village of Rabanga (?, written inaudible). That's where we went with Vera and my mom. A priest in this Church was the Father Paul (Chernyaev). We met also with his wife Alexandra Platonovna and children Anya, Masha and the Zephyr. The girls went to the Diocesan school, and Boris is at a religious school.
Finally we went to the gymnasium on the second half of the post and no quarantines have made it to may. I passed all exams and moved to the 7th grade. Verushka Petrov remained in the 6th grade because she had several twos.
A year later, as we drove away from Arkhangelsk, with Falcon also moved mom Distillate Karlovic and his sisters Anna and Louise.
Factory "the Falcon" owned joint stock company, whose shareholders were: four Russian Industrialists Surkov albert Yulievich, Shergold Ivan, Hoevelaken Vasily wilghelmovich and Belyaev (name and patronymic do not know) and the Belgian shareholder of De Her EP. In Belgium it had its pulp and paper mill, and the lumber for it was purchased in Russia and were taken by steamers to Belgium from Arkhangelsk.
The factory began to be built in 1897. By the beginning of 1899 all main buildings were ready. Cars are purchased abroad and mounted by foreign experts.
Among the employees were a lot of Belgians.
The new Director, after Spielmann was appointed Grosjean (he was called Monsieur Grosjean). Tall, ruddy and fat, in Russian did not talk. He began to care for Luisa Karlovna. She went to work and became a cashier at the factory.
Between our house and the house of Lopoto built another two-apartment house, where in one half settled grandmother with Louise and Anna, and the other, Anna Pavlovna Osipova — midwife and Maria Kuzminichna Sukhotina — cashier consumer store.
Mom them became good friends and all of our family often went to them for the holidays, danced to the accordion, which he played the brother of Mary Kuzminichna, Nicholas.
Mom knew the whole family Shoting since that time, as they were in Vologda in 1887. This is when my father — Karl Yulievich Surkov went to Moscow for an operation in the throat.
New 1900 also met a great company at M. K. Sukhotina.
Monsieur Grozhan wanted Louise Karlovna to agree to live with him, without getting married, because his parents did not want him to marry in Russia. Luisa Karlovna from this offer is refused…
On leave, Monsieur Grozhan went to Belgium and returned not alone, but with "economy" (as he told everyone). This lady always appeared with a small dog and had a rather strange appearance. She had a long chin, which severely protruded and even curled up. Louise: Karlovna Grosjean has ceased to meet and even talk.
The Belgians at the factory considered themselves full owners. Was introduced on 12-hour working day. Most of the workers were from the former peasants of the surrounding villages, and skilled workers came from the Kondorov paper mill and Linen factory of Kaluga province.
Russian shareholders have seen that a 12 - hour working day is too big. At the end of shifts, especially night on samochablo much paper is left in the marriage, pulp cooking boilers is also interrupted. The workers were fined for this, which, of course, caused their discontent. Russian shareholders did not like these procedures either.
In 1903, albert Yul'evich Russian persuaded shareholders to oust the Belgians from the factory, i.e. to buy out their share. And that was done. By the summer of 1903, all Belgians, including Monsieur grojan, had left the Falcon. The factory was owned only Russian.
On the initiative of A. Yu. Surkov almost immediately introduced an 8-hour working day, several workers increased the fee. Besides, workers began to receive free apartments and firewood for heating.
The factory began to expand. At the end of 1903 a new Director from Germany was invited. Mr. Engelmeyer has come with his wife, father and sister-in-law. Engelmeyer was a good mechanic. The Director led the installation of new machines. It has identified a Russian, by the name of ion (Czech by birth). Jonah had five daughters and a young son.
Older, enticing, was just beautiful. She had just graduated from the 4th grade and had to study further. She entered the Vologda gymnasium. Lived in Vologda in the family of a Fisher.
In 1902/1903 the school year I was in seventh grade and became good friends with Mila Belyaeva. With her, we came to Falcon on Christmas vacation. This year all gathered: from Arkhangelsk there arrived Volodya's brother with the companion, Volodya Rogachev, Nadezhda Vasilyevna Fisher with daughters Katya and Lida and the son Leonid.
Background: left Vladimir Rogachev, Vladimir Surkov, on the right. Lower left Eugene Surkov, right Mila Belyaeva Children: from left to right Tolya, Marusya, Boris.
At the factory there was no orchestra and Fyodor Fisher brought several realists (students of the real school), playing wind instruments. So, these holidays we had a full house of guests.
On factory staged a Christmas tree and spectacle. "Forest" by A. Ostrovsky played kadnikovskyi — family Krasikova, also participated and factory. The next day was a masquerade. Danced almost every night someone in the hotel…
Immediately after returning from vacation to Vologda went as in a fog, do not even believe that the fun is over, even my legs hurt. But Sweet was well aware that seventh grade responsible, last. The eighth already pedagogical. It had those who wanted to become a teacher. I should have taken care of the scientist.
I had to let go of the extraneous and hard to deal with. We both had the same final marks: in mathematics and all oral subjects — 5, in foreign languages and literature — 4, Russian written -5. Also the exams successfully passed and the two got right to the gold medal.
In our release, there were 12 finalists, but the school had no money to give out medals to all deserving. Was given only 2 gold and 2 silver. Mila and I didn't get it. But the names of all gold medalists brought in gold letters on Morocco Board that hung in the Auditorium. However, this happened in 1904, when I studied in the pedagogical class in the specialty "literature".
In may 1903, my younger sister Mary to take the examination in a preparatory class of the gymnasium. Prepared it at home. Was hired to do a certain Faith Evlampieva Spassky, a former eparchial. She was Mary and Borey, who was then already 7 years. Vera Evlampieva was very religious and teach with Mary's prayers, put it before the icon and were forced to be baptized.
And now, the exam happened to miss the joke, Answering the prayers of the priest, it is the beginning and end of each prayer, were baptized, and bowed, looking at father Fyodor as an icon. Perekusa all lip to keep from laughing.
Marusya took the prep class in the fall and gave me a guide along with Luda Alievoj. People before that graduated three classes of rural schools, therefore, were much better prepared than Mary.
Left to right: Sophia M. Surkov Giller, Mary, Boris, Distillate Karlovich, Roofing — all the kids Giller.
So we did all winter: I explained everything, was given the job the girls did homework, answered me. Marusia studied additionally by the dictations to fit in the native language.
In the women's gymnasium every year have a festival where the girls performed mainly in different dances. At this time, "prigotovilis", including Marusya chose to dance Negro dance.
Everyone was doing a black hairdo. For this I had to get my hair cut and finely curled hair. My sister had long hair and mom did not agree to Marusino haircut.
I came up with this: finely curled on paper extreme strands of hair, and the rest was stabbed and hidden under the cap. All the other girls curled hairdresser, but at the end of the evening their hair developed, because the dance was crazy. Everyone ran, jumped, stomped and sweated. Marusya hair preserved.
At the festival there were other dances: boyar, lezginka, Gypsy Mazurka, which was perfectly danced by Manya ion. In addition, there was recitation and General dances.
Was invited and the students, but the brothers of senior students. Only 10 young people. However, very well danced!
On the next Christmas day on Falcon again gathered much youth company. As before, the holidays were very fun and interesting.
In late may, 1904, having completed 8 years of school I have received a speciality of the teacher of elementary school and came back home to Falcon.
The factory again had some changes in Director became one of the shareholders, Vasily wilghelmovich Hoevelaken, and my cousin Arno A. Surkov, under his guidance, learned to manage the factory.
Second cousin Bruno Oskarovich Surkov at the same time held the factory has a production practice along with his friend at the Institute Vasily Ivanovich Krzyszkowski.
The factory continued to expand. Built a stone office building. Engineer ion and his family are gone. In their apartment again settled, Lopato Gavriil Ivanovich with Sophia Mikhailovna.
They then had two sons, Eugene and Volodya. For children, they kept the German governess Clara. She almost did not walk with the children, and when we were going youth company, always came. The youth at us gathered every Sunday. Came Lida Whitman, Ksenia Seromycin brother, Maria Kuzminichna brothers — the time spent having fun, playing different games. This files most often played in "empty space," which shattered all the chairs in the house. Mom even forbade me to play this game.
New employees appeared at the factory. Vasily wilghelmovich invited from St. Petersburg of his brother, Wilhelm (**Ernst) Wilghelmovich Hoevelaken for the position of mechanic.
He and his wife Olga Gogounou had three children: two girls — Inna and Erna and son Willie.
The factory also came a paper master, Swedish (forgot his name) with his wife and young daughter. These two families occupied a wooden house, which used to be the office of the factory. In one half Hoevelaken to another, the Swedes.
Mother began to organize Amateur theatricals, in favor of the exiles, of which there were many in the city of Vologda, in favor of the victims of the fire. Theatre at the factory, of course, was not, therefore, played pccamera.
In the summer of 1904, our family decided to go to Kirillov, where I was born, he and Marusya. First sailed on the Cuban lake, and then on channels with infinite locks and, at last, in Siverskoye lake where the remarkable view of Kirillo — Belozersky monastery opened..
The summer was very rainy. Kirillov lived a big family of Edward Yul'evich Surkov, which were transferred to our former pharmacy. We decided not to bother the Surkov Family at first and stayed at the hotel, but the weather was so bad that we stayed there for almost a week, unable even to look out and notify the Surkov About our arrival.
Time passed for nothing and we left the city to the village of Shortino where there was a good pine wood and lived there for a week. Weather the very next day he was fine and every day we went for a walk in the forest to gather mushrooms and berries.
It has been over 10 years since we vacationed at the cottage in Sciortino and the forest became a not — so thick and impenetrable as I remembered it from childhood. During this time, many trees were cut down.
Home returned in early August and I went to Vologda to the Inspector of folk schools to submit a request for the appointment of me as a teacher in a new factory school, which was to open in the autumn of 1904.
Previously, all students were taken (on horses) in the village of Nabanga, for 4 miles, but school-age children each year became more and already the sled was not enough. Then decided to create a school at the factory.
Immediately after returning we were visited by the governess French Augustine Osipovna, who lived in Novgorod by my grandmother Irina Mikhailova. My grandmother died in early 1904 and Augustine Osipovna was left without a job.
My mother did not let me go to Vologda alone and put Augustine Osipovna to me. Before the Inspector, I was kind of embarrassed that I would ask to appoint me as a teacher, and she came with a governess. Everything went well. The inspector is sympathetic to me and told what we need books, and even which store they should buy.
Books we had to buy ourselves because our school was not a state, and the trade name. Along with Augustine F. we went to the bookstore, picked all the right, took the bill and went home. All goods came to Sokol factory at the end of August.
Under the school first took one large room in the ground floor of the apartment building where the second floor lived a large family of mechanics Whitman, Vladimir Evgrafovich.
1st September I checked and rewrote all incoming students. All I took in high school 35 students in the first group of 10 guys, the second 15 and third 10.
The next day, when all gathered from Rabari came the priest-father Paul and deacon. They served a moleben, after which sprinkled all the walls of the school and students with Holy water, then distributed books and we began to study.
I studied with everyone at once. It looked like this: while group 2 had rewritten the text books, and 3-I, too, decide puzzles, I first group, the smallest, showed the letters of the Alphabet. Then 1-I wrote wand, and I with the second smiled. Through half an hour of exercise 2's decided on examples on their own, with the third engaged in the reading.
12 hours at the factory sounded the horn all went out to dinner and me too. After lunch came only senior-the third group. Classes have continued only with them. My brother Borya also studied in this group.
At the end of the school year in the third group 6 people held the exam (four dropped out of school, did not want to study). In the fall Borya entered the preparatory class of the gymnasium, and Alyosha Smirnov passed the entrance exams immediately to the 1st class.
In the summer of 1905, my mother planned to spend dad's summer vacation in Totma. Dad disagreed, but mom was insistent.
— Do you have any of its acid a little rest. We will spend your vacation in the lap of nature, - she said.
In Totma sailed on the factory cargo ship. In the other side it was empty and the back had to bring the rafts.
I was followed by my Boyfriends — Leon Fisher and nick Grigoriev -gymnasium 7th grade.
We settled the entire company in the village, in a peasant hut in two versts from Totma. The owners took a horse and a cart, which made excursions to the surrounding villages. Leon and nick ruled the horse in turn. Me and my dad had bikes and we were accompanied by a cart, but the terrain was often hilly and the hill we had to climb on foot. But downhill the bike accelerated very well and I flew, as the saying goes, "headlong", while never fell.
In the autumn of 1905 brother Tole passed 6 years and he went to the 1st grade. Tolya did not pronounce sh, and the other girl in the class instead of S. said Read aloud: Tolya reads "SAS", and Katya "Shasha" -the whole class laughs. I and itself unwittingly smiled at.
In winter, we children learned and staged the fairy tale "the King of Peas". The scenery for the play we arranged with the students themselves. I asked at the color paper factory. The Royal Palace was pink in color, painted a sooty coal the hut. I bought some stuff and made my own costumes.
Masha Pozdnyakova in my red sundress was a Queen. For a full suit made her a beautiful headdress and veil. King Peas in a red caftan, sheathed with cotton with black tails, under the ermine, and a gold crown on his head-Shura sable. His mustache and beard were painted with charcoal. Princess (the longest part) is very well played Olga Razumova. Other characters: Witch, Goblin, warlock, the good fairy and the 12 robbers also played for my students. Parents watched the performance sitting at seperate desks.
At Christmas, the children prepared a good program: on stage they read poems and fables in their faces, led round the Christmas tree round dances and sang songs that were specially taught with singing teacher Ivan Popov.
On the second day wanted to make a masquerade, how suddenly our Marousi temperature rose above 39 degrees — a pig! Declared quarantine.
Our guests, the Fisher family, left for Kadnikov the second day, and my brother Volodya and his companion Rogachev were forced to sit at home. So, the vacation lasted, and the holidays have ended. This was whose ways are strange and it's a shame.
The mood has improved, when the 30th December suddenly came from the city Leon Fisher and invited me to go to Vologda for the remaining week of vacation. I love to go — not to cheer up me home?
On arrival, we, with Lida Fisher immediately began to think about how to call Vologda Volodya with a friend. The fact that Lida was not indifferent to Vladimir Rogachev. I same to their Boyfriends treated with complete indifference, because they were all younger than me for three years.
Mama used to say — And what it at you for lunch and tea "eye fucking" even bad eating?
From Vologda to Falcon was held on the phone, who was in the office of the factory. Called. It turned out to be. All right, and the guys are here. The boys were happy, too.
The rest of the vacation was spent having fun. We went to visit Grigoriev, to Spassky (Vera Spasskaya was a teacher at our Marousi), put candles on the Windows and masks came to us. Frost was -25 degrees, but we're not frightened — her.
Hours 2 — 3 nights, returning guests from the quiet streets, walking arm in arm, the line in the middle.
I returned home to Baptism. The next day we had to start school. Both Volodya went to Arkhangelsk from the day before.
Then began the carousel: Mary recovered and she took her to school. After a week had to go to Vologda for Borey — he also became a pig. Borya recovered, I took him to the gymnasium, because my mother was left with a sick Tolya. Roofing just got better — ill mother. Nightmare!!!
My father and I did not get sick, but the scientist stopped for two weeks, because three students got sick with scarlet fever. The school was closed, put in a frost all the Windows, made disinfection. More cases of scarlet fever at school.
In General, disease in the school took place from December 1905 to April 1906.
In June Vologda teachers went to organized, it seems, by the Provincial Department of education, teacher's excursion to St. Petersburg. This invitation came in the Falcon, our headmaster Flerov. Offered me and Lida Fisher, who still studied at the gymnasium, but was a friend of the Director's daughter, Natasha Flerova, so they took as teachers.
Rode in a separate compartment just for the ticket (and it was 1 RUB 23 penny) have fun together and sang songs.
In St. Petersburg, we were placed in a school on Znamenskaya street on the third floor. Lida, Natasha, me, and Maria Ivanovna (one time we have at the boarding school she was a classy lady) lived in one room and slept on three seperate beds.
There were several excursions to this beautiful city — the capital of the Russian Empire. Unusual impressions received from fountains and parks of Peterhof, went to Kronshtadt, Pavlovsk.
In St Petersburg we visited the Peter and Paul fortress, had a chance even from the peanut gallery to hear the speech of deputies in the State Duma. Visited the Zoo, the Hermitage Museum, the Alexander Museum, went to the club "Trudoviks".
We, the ordinary teacher, far from politics, but still not experienced, looked at all curious eyes only. But other, more senior teachers and the teacher managed to visit also factories in political circles, having a turnout from Vologda where lived many exiles.
After a few months after returning to Vologda, some teachers were arrested and sent "away". So sadly ended our fun excursion to St. Petersburg.
During the revolutionary events of 1905, we at the factory are no strikes had taken place. Albert sulkov was a smart and far-sighted industrialist and closely followed the revolutionary moods in Russia. He also took into account that many political exiles lived in the Northern provinces, the influence of which could increase on workers. Therefore, albert and became the initiator of the change of orders established at the factory by the Belgians and break with them in 1904. He calmed the situation, significantly improving the working and living conditions of workers.
Since 1906, the son of albert Yul'evich, Arno A. Surkov became an independent Director of factory "the Falcon" and was until the revolution of 1917.
1907 year began very unfortunately. Our neighbor, the midwife Anna Pavlovna Osipova fell ill with typhoid fever in a severe form. Then the factory was not a hospital and therefore she was in his apartment. From Vologda got a sitter.
Anna Pavlovna was a very nice woman and mother wanted to visit her, but dissuaded from this foolish step. One day, when no one at home had not happened, my mom could not resist and went to visit the sick, and in March she got sick.
For the care of the mother from Vologda came Morechina Elizabeth V. — friend of Nadine Fisher. Yelizaveta Vasilevna was the home dressmaker. Good care, treatment and medication did the trick, and Mama recovered at the end of April, for Easter.
That year, the factory had a lot of typhus, which caused the factory to work with interruptions, because the production of paper is a continuous technological process. The hosts carried a decent loss. Once a week from the city came the doctor, Vasily Fisher, and his entire family lived in Vologda. It so happened, as the place of his exile was the city of Kadnikov.
This epidemic of typhoid Arno spurred the construction of the hospital, which began to build in the summer of 1907.
In mid-July, I went to Vologda to buy myself an autumn coat, went to Fisher. It was very hot and I was thirsty. At home I always drank only prokipyachennuyu water, and their institutions, this was not how to keep a carafe of boiled water. Had to drink straight from the tap raw water. The water was delicious, but the results are very poor — two weeks later I fell ill with typhoid fever. Was sick for a month and only at the end of August to the beginning of classes recovered, only a very thin hair and got out. In high schools classes began on August 16, and in rural schools on September 1.
In 1907 the term of exile of our doctor V. F. Fisher was over and he could move freely on all territory of the Russian Empire. Vasily Fedorovich went to town Fallin Livonia (now Latvia) and entered in the Excise Department.
Fall from Vologda came a new teacher August A. Krasnolimanska. With its arrival due to the formation, in the future, two families Surkov — Krasnolimanska — Giller.
In the spring of 1908, Lida and Leonid graduated from high school, and Nicholas real school, and in the summer they all went West. The same summer I went to visit them.
Volodya graduated from high school. In the certificate were all a's and only in the native language three, so he received no medals. Having had a rest two weeks at home he went to St. Petersburg to enter higher school.Filed documents immediately in five technical institutions, and traveled all over St. Petersburg from the exam as a result of the first passed the exams to the Institute of civil engineers Of Emperor Nicholas I, and from other documents took away.
His uniform was dark blue with a black velvet collar and crimson piping. On the epaulettes were embroidered with gold monogram of Nicholas II. He fascinated all his female acquaintances.
Tolya studied in the cooking class very well, but in January 1909 was infected with whooping cough. Had to take it home and treat. By April he had recovered and I after school at the school began to work to prepare for the exams in 1st class. Roofing felt was very able and engage with him was one thing pleasure. In a month we passed all semi-annual course of a preparation class.
It is well passed the examination in the 1st class of gymnasium, but was still coughing and doctors advised to take him to the sea.
And so we went with the whole family on the Riga coast, and stayed there for two months. The town was called carlsbad. (in 1827, a Spa hall was built here. The place became known as carlsbad II. Now it's Melluzi from Riga).
Summer cottage from five rooms was almost, that have the most sea. Surf was always audible, so we under him and fell asleep. With us went Manya Vodenko — daughter of a long-time mom's friend from Kirillov. He had a brewery in Vologda.
Near the suburban village of Carlsbad were also others: Dublin, Meinhof etc. In Marienhafe and Dublin was a suburban theater and the stage, where concerts were given. In the evenings, mom, dad, Volodya and Manya Vodenko went to theaters and concerts, and I stayed with my younger brothers and sister at home.
Mom knew the address of his elder sister Natalia Ivanovna Mikhailova (her married name I do not remember), who lived with his family in Mitau (now Kaunas in Lithuania) and wrote to her. Natalia Ivanovna's husband was in the military, two sons and two daughters. To us in carlsbad, he came with his little son Vanya, who then stayed with us to visit.
Bathed in the sea, all except me. The coast was beautiful, sandy, pines and dunes, and the water is cloudy and not very calm. There were no tides, not that in Arkhangelsk, where the tides were very noticeable even in the Northern Dvina river.
The Pope wrote to Vasily Fedorovich Fisher and invited him to come to see me. Vasily Fedorovich came and lived with us for a while. Then came his son Fyodor.
Julia Bauer, wife of Otto Otto Bauer, head of the power plant at Sokol, also visited her relatives in Riga at this time and visited us.
From Calsbad we also went to visit. Went to Mitau to aunt Natasha, but it turned out badly, her husband was badly ill. Called the doctor, Vanya ran for drugs to the pharmacy and we had a snack, rather went to explore the city, so as not to interfere and not to make noise.
At the end of the walk came to the city, and what struck us is the age-old trees. Volodya, Marusya and I stood around and only then were able to grasp the trunk.
Meanwhile, aunt Natasha's husband was getting worse. We wished him a speedy recovery, said goodbye and returned to carlsbad. Soon it was reported that he had died. Mom went to the funeral with Vanya. From St. Petersburg came older children, a son and two daughters who studied in institutions. After the funeral, father Joe aunt Natasha again sent us in carlsbad, saying that so it will be easier to calm down.
Once on the evening, walking, as usual, on Bank sea, we heard sing. Very pleasant tenor on the balcony of one of the nearest to the sea villas, the singer performed arias from different operas. It was very close, was visible pink light and heard some voices, but because of the dense greenery of the singer was not to be seen, but strong voice resounded far in the district. Fascinated by the performance, we wandered along the coast near this cottage for a long time until the "concert" ended.
That night, a lot of people heard that singing, and the next day there was just talk about it in the city. It turned out, he sang the famous Sobinov, who came to friends at the cottage.
After two weeks with the van arrived, and we, too, it was time to get ready. Before leaving at all, we went to Riga to see the city and buy something.
The trading part was located in the old town with narrow streets, so even the cabs had nowhere to leave. Houses, mostly two-story and everything as a toy. But the city fortress on the beach made a majestic impression. Near her was a fish market, where mom-to-order Olga Hugony Gavestinel bought smoked eel. We visited the city garden, wandered through the streets of the old town, listened to organ music in the dome Cathedral.
Staying at the sea Tole helped — he stopped coughing and in the fall began to study in 1st grade.
By the new school year (1908), about one mile from the factory, built the school building, which has already been equipped and the stage. Having tasted the success of the first production, all participants of that performance enthusiastically took up work in our Amateur theater. Work and school combined in his spare time with the production of new plays.
First, the performances shown only to students, considering that our artists are not so skilled to be for adults. But the workers — the parents of our students asked for repeat performances for them.
Our little artists were delighted that they want to watch the game adults, and began to play with a great rise. Performances staged for various holidays.
Over time, seeing a lot of positive in our classes, the administration of the factory has become something to help our Amateur theater, highlighting the different materials for the decoration: cloth, matting, paint, boards, nails, etc.
Gradually adults began to take part in our creative hobby. For example, my mother loved to stage home plays. In the winter of 1909 she participated in the production of Ostrovsky's play "not all carnival cat".
In 1910, we staged a children's play "among flowers"by lukaszewicz. Preparing each show was long. Sewed costumes, learned of the role, and constructed scenery. This time Volodya came for Christmas holidays and painted all the costumes of flowers for us.
Otto Inc Bauer also was Director of an Amateur, and his wife Julia Ivanovna, in my opinion, a good actress. Bauer became the head of the factory theater circle. The real name of Bauer was, to Ivan (Lett), illegal, so he lived under a different name. Bauer (Kronberg) lived in Switzerland for a long time and knew Lenin well.
Welcome to Falcon Maria Pavlovna Chernjaevo, teachers in our school became three. The leadership of the plays we have distributed: August A. was led by the choir, I put the dance, and Maria Pavlovna was helping to dress the actors and monitor their timely exit.
In the play "the snow Queen" needed special scenery of the snow Palace. Built and equipped with the props O. Bauer. Palace came out great. He even made it so that on a snow block at the right time instantly flashed the word "love".
Cellulose he made the crown of the Snow Queen, sprinkled it with mothballs, that shone like snow and adapted three small bulbs that worked from batteries hidden in the pocket of the artist. The play was very successful and at the request of the audience we played it three more times after a while.
Tolya and Borya studied at the Vologda men's gymnasium and lived in a boarding school.
We have in the female boarding school classy ladies strictly treated internetgame, but in the male, even stricter, and mentors even cursed. Our Borya was very touchy. Then one day, in February 1910, received suddenly from Vologda gymnasium telegram, which testified that Bob had gone to boarding school.
The distance between Vologda and Sokol 30 miles. That night no one slept, and at 6 o'clock in the morning was Bob. Said that it hurt so cool mentor that he couldn't handle it and left. Walked all night on the rails…
For two weeks Bob lived with us, and then she took him to the orphanage and told them that the spring will be taking both sons and herself will live with them in Vologda. So she and made and lived take off 1910/11 and 1911/12 years.
In August 1911, Arno A. wanted to show the people of the factories the aircraft and invite the pilot who just arrived in Vologda to demonstrate the flights.
The pilot arrived on August 15. The field was uneven, all the bumps and when he landed the plane so shaken that I thought on the verge of collapse. The plane was of the type "Blarno", a small, plywood with a propeller that assistant spit every time when I had to take off. The last time I swirled, the plane flew away, and the assistant went to Vologda by train. Still, the residents of the factory saw a plane.
This same summer I went in Kirillov. My uncle Eduard yulevich celebrated the 25th anniversary of his marriage. He had seven children, though the eldest Basil before winter died. Remained Kirill, Lida, Maria, Alexander, Vladimir and Tamara.
Lida graduated from the 7 classes of school, Masha attended. Kirill and Alexander also studied at the Vologda gymnasium, Volodya was 5 years old, and Tamara was only 2 years old. I have a Marmot lived up to the beginning of the school year and made friends with Lida. In autumn we went to the Falcon factory together. She had been with us 1911/12 academic year. Went to school, looked after how classes are held. Other times he worked a little with some group, but the exam at the teacher did not hold, considering themselves not prepared.
Mother with Tolya and Borey lived in Vologda, renting an apartment in a wooden house on the outskirts of the city.
Water and firewood had to be worn, so my mother lived another girl, whose duties included this work.
The three-storey building of the gymnasium also had wood heating and water on all floors were worn by hand. There was no electric light, and kerosene lamps. There was also a house Church and every Saturday all-night, and on Sunday and holidays, Lunches served.
One day, before Vespers, lamovita dropped a lighted lamp on, and her dress caught fire. Father Theodore, when he heard a knock, came from the altar, grabbed the girl and rolled her in a rug.
All??? burns hands were strong and she long was treated.
My mother seems to have had a sugar sickness since 1902. She went to Moscow and St. Petersburg for consultations with doctors more than once. Doctors insisted on a strict diet, even gave a printed sheet, what dishes you can eat, and which can not. Mom hung this piece on the wall in the dining room and diet still did not comply.
Said — you only Live once, and even to curtail ourselves in all? So not worth it! - and she ate everything she liked.
To Arno A. every summer visited his friends: Ikonnikov Boris, Krizkovsky Vasily Ivanovich, and another Englishman, Harold Wilson. Harold even lived for a year 1911/12 have Arno and studied Russian language teacher from the village of the Moldboard.
12 miles from the factory was Latowski monastery. The Abbot was father Spyridon, who often came to us. Mom loved to go to monasteries, to pray for all and gave a vow to walk to go to any monastery. So in the summer of 1911 we went to Sanitise monastery.
Now, in the summer of 1912 mother was persuaded, and young people Ikonnikova and Welcone to go with her to Latowski monastery.Walked: mother, Maroussia, Ikonnikov and Wilson, and I was ordered to leave in two hours and bring all the supplies.
After 12 miles I caught up with them on the "line" (there were such crews). Mom was tired and sat down in the carriage, and I walked with the company.
When we came, my mother had already taken a hotel room and ordered a samovar. After tea went for a walk along the river Bank. I'm with Harold, and Mary and Ikonnikova (Marusia was already interesting girl). Stopped at the dam and began to fish.
Apparently, the monks said about our arrival to father Spyridon and he left the monastery with a staff and in ceremonial cassock. He approached us with Harold, said Hello, he crossed each other and talked about something with us along the shore. On the bell tower began to ring. I don't know, was that supposed to be the way Archimandrite walks? Father Spyridon invited us to her place, promising to treat fish soup of sterlet and left.
After strolling around a bit, we all headed to the monastery, and Wilson and Ikonnikov took a bottle of wine, made ' em look like draped over the arm of the coat.
Father Spiridon was talkative parrot who was kept in a room adjacent to the living room. At lunch, hearing the owner's voice, the parrot spoke: Father Spyridon, how are you? Thank God, daddy, — answered the Saint. Then, again parrot — Ivan!!!
And he answered, — Go-from. Holy God, Holy mighty, have mercy on us. Further confused, the Holy one of God. How Are You?
The lunch was wonderful. It was very fun. Father Spyridon invited us to visit him sometime else.
That summer of 1912, on the Falcon there were a lot of young people. Volodya, Manya Surkova from Kirillov, came to St. Petersburg on vacation. The weather was good and we often walked together, rode a Bicycle, rode a boat on the Sukhona with the obligatory stop for a picnic.
Mary graduated from the 7 classes of high school. Then she wasn't going to learn unless you wanted to choose for himself a profession of a teacher, as is not felt to her inclination.
My mother decided to go with her to St. Petersburg and arrange Marusya for private accounting courses Pobedinsky. Borya and Tolya decided not to send in the boarding school, and found them a private room in Vologda near the school, where they lived from 1912 to 1915.
In February 1913, Russia was celebrating the 300th anniversary of the Romanov dynasty. At this time, the mother, Marusia lived in Petersburg and I went to visit him for a week to see what will be the holiday.
Was Mardi Gras. The festival was held from 21 to 24 February. The city was decorated with flags and coats of arms of the Russian Empire. The evening was stopped all the traffic and crowds of people participated in a walk on Nevsky Prospekt.
For Easter I came back to the capital. This time to see Mama, Marusia, and Volodya went to my father and I, Bob and Roofing. For the holiday table brought the food: cakes, cakes, ham, pork and veal. Before Petersburg was traveling in a compartment of the 1st class with plush sofas and mirrored door.
Mother lived not far from station, so I with brothers went on foot, and Pope with baggage went on a cab. The holidays went very well.
Several times were on performances in the People's house. Volodya has always been with us.
In late July, a friend from the factory Malyutin, govorila me to go to the Black sea in the Crimea.
From Vologda to Sevastopol by train went three days to Yalta on the boat 5 hours — that's the whole way. He settled in Yalta in the country of count Ivan G. Nostitz, in the house of his Manager. The count was abroad, so you can safely walk in the garden.
The garden was divided into two halves. The first-just a shady garden with old, spreading trees. The second is the orchard, which was rented by some Tatar. This Tartar we directly from trees bought fruit, and they themselves collected.
In Yalta, we did not sit at home, and constantly somewhere went, examined the surroundings. Were in Alupka, in the Palace of count Vorontsov-Dashkov, walked in the garden with cypresses, one of which planted Catherine II and the other Prince Potemkin. Went to Livadia, Gurzuf, visited the Nikitsky Botanical garden, in the wine cellars of Massandra. On a sailing boat ride on the sea, and in the Pushkin grotto waited out the storm. I still wanted to go on the mountain AI-Petri, but the weather turned bad, all the roads are washed away.
Yes, here is still, that was interesting things. When I registered in Yalta, from there to the Falcon factory sent a request-who am I, is it legal? The priest came to Otton Karlovich, asked if I really went to rest in Yalta?
It turned out that it was due to the fact that in mid-August through Yalta in Livadia was to follow the Royal family. Indeed, so and was. I happened to see this spectacle in the forefront. My companion and I were walking along the waterfront, when suddenly some fuss began, the police ran, there were soldiers. Asked to release the carriageway, said that the Emperor goes with his family. We got up at the parapet, back to the sea. Next, just ahead stood a policeman. On the embankment poured out a lot of people, mostly the whole crowd stood along the houses on the opposite side.
Here is appeared tuple. Front decorated with horse riding guide, Tatar. At a distance of two Landau (open carriage) the entire Royal family. Was driving quite slowly. In the first Lando Nicholas II with Prince Alexei, both in white uniform. On the contrary, Alexandra — Fedorovna sat in a beautiful light, almost white cream dress and a summer hat with wide brim. The Princess rode next to Lando. All grandly bowed right and left to the public, sometimes slightly waved his hand. This train was two lomoviki with numerous chests.
Back from Yalta we sailed on the boat, which ran five miles from the shore. When you look from the deck, it turns out that the panorama floats before your eyes. Especially interesting is the "swallow's nest", just hanging above the sea.
The weather was windy, the boat was rocking quite heavily and many passengers were seasick, including my companion. To me, pitching is not operated, but apparently purged and by the evening the temperature rose.
However, we planned to come to Sevastopol for two days to explore the city, so it was impossible to steal. I began to be treated with strong Turkish coffee. Such an opportunity was, because, that Turkish dining rooms and coffee houses were on every turn.
Went first to the Primorsky Boulevard, where visited a large aquarium. I caught a ride on an open tram with a circular inspection. Having served in the Turkish dining room and having drunk very tasty coffee, we went to look at the Sevastopol panorama of protection of the city, Mamayev Kurgan.
While I was in Yalta, our whole family went to Kirillov again. There Marmot's family they went around the neighborhood Kirillova and of course the monasteries. Volodya came in his great form and was fascinated by their cousins Lida and Mary, and many Kirillovskaya ladies.
They returned home at the end of August, and on September 1, the scientist began in our factory school. Boris and Anatoly lived on their own alone in Vologda, studied at the gymnasium.
Mother Mary have become accustomed to Petersburg. Also, because of the need to study in higher educational establishments in St. Petersburg on Vasilevsky island lived the whole Fisher family, except Vasily Fedorovich, who continued to work in the excise tax in the city of Felline. Fyodor and nick studied at the technological, Leon medical Academy, Lida at the Bestuzhev courses.
Mom was fun, as Nadine in different times came to check on her and mom went to visit her. In the spring of 1914 my mother returned.
In the summer of 1914, wrote to us from Kirillova, seriously ill Lida Surkova. I went to see my cousin. On arrival, I asked the attending physician who said Lida had pulmonary tuberculosis in its early stages. If you put her in a sanatorium, you might be able to save her.
I wrote a letter to Arno A. with a request for help. He replied that he was ready to help and instructed my mother and I to find a tuberculosis sanatorium near St. Petersburg. In the place "Thais" that a few stops South of St. Petersburg, there was a private sanatorium for 120 rubles a month.
The Falcon of Kirillov Lida brought her brother Cyril. She had a little rest and my mother and I went to accompany her to St. Petersburg. There, without stopping in the city, immediately passed to Gatchina station, got on the train and after 4 stops arrived in Thais. From the station to the sanatorium passed on a peasant cart.
The doctor, having examined Lida, told me that the process went very far, captured both lungs, stop the process is no longer possible. In order not to upset the young girl (18 years), the doctor said that he would take her to a sanatorium and try some new methods to suspend the course of the disease.
Mother in the same day then departed in Petersburg. I stopped on Kamennoostrovsky Avenue in the room which was occupied by Volodya. In summer, the room was empty. She wanted to see a doctor to find out what the situation is with her diabetes disease.
I was sorry to leave the Lede alone in motels and I stayed an extra week to every day to see Lida. But had to leave. The same day my mother and I boarded the train to Vologda.
World war I began. Our train was often delayed, passing echelons of troops. In Vologda at the station unexpectedly met with Harold Walsham who has just arrived from Arkhangelsk and headed for the Falcon Arno Albertovich.
He was very upset. On the road he learned from the Newspapers about the beginning of the war, so immediately returned to Arkhangelsk. Apparently from Arkhangelsk it on an ocean steamer crossed to England. More we about it did not hear nothing.
Autumn has arrived Surkov Manya (Maria E.) who graduated from high school and enrolled as a teacher in our Sokolsky school.
This winter, 1914/15 G. mother lived with Mary in St. Petersburg in anticipation Marusia Bestuzhev courses. At the end of the course, with the assistance of albert yulevich, she managed to get a job in the Bank.
In December 1914 Volodya moved Lida from Thais to another sanatorium in Finland, and in February 1915 she died.
In spring Borya graduated from high school and his mother persuaded him to study for a doctor. Although the home doctor will always be with me, you will treat me.
Bob agreed and in the fall went to Perm.
To Roofing is not left alone in Vologda, it for the academic year 1916/17 was the Inspector of public schools Levitsky.
In the summer I went to St. Petersburg to check on Mary. She lived on Vasilevsky island on line 12 in the apartment Fisher, who for the summer went to Fellin to Vasily Fedorovich. Vasily Fedorovich began to primarypath, he had a peptic ulcer.
In the spring of 1916 the teachers of our school underwent medical examination. It turned out that Mani Surkova, as well as her sister is also troubled with his lungs. She decided to go home to Kirillov.
Instead Mary E. Surkova teacher of this group of children was Kondalski Nikolay Afanasevich.
In August, 1916, of lung cancer died Lidia Surkov (Shergold), the wife of albert Yul'evich. This happened in Finland in the country, which was bought by albert Yul'evich. The coffin with a body was carried through Sukhona station. Here gathered workers and workers from the factory "Falcon" and the priest father Alexander served a memorial service in front of the wagon with the tomb. Inside the whole car was decorated with wreaths and palm branches.
St. Petersburg was renamed Petrograd. Volodya graduated from the Institute and came to work at the factory.
In early August, mom went back to Petrograd the Marusia, and in September, received from Fisher a telegram that mother was feeling ill and even fell on the street unconscious. Dad immediately went to Petrograd, but found that the mother became ill to walk. From the station "Sukhona" to the pier to take a boat, you need to go 2 miles on foot.
Dad gave me a telegram so I could put on some stretchers. From Arno A. found wicker garden chair, which is staged on a stretcher. So four tall defenders, brought mom.
More she so and not recovered. Once again I lost consciousness, legs were swollen and she ceased to walk. Dad wrote out a chair on wheels and mom carried in a chair in the rooms.
Christmas came Mary, Boris and Roofing. The whole family gathered at mom. Mother was cheerful, was joking. After the holidays, she got worse. At the end of January, on 23rd, during evening tea strong aggravation began. Mom could no longer eat by herself, she was fed with a spoon.
I poured her a saucer of tea and watered, one she drank, I turned away, poured another, and saw mom's face is blue blue and eyes closed. Rather shouted my father and Volodya. They moved her to bed, called the doctors. The doctors started the blood, cleaned the stomach. The doctors fought from 10 PM to 5 am. Mom calmed down. I lay down, because in the morning I had to go to work.
After an hour dad woke me up — again went into convulsions. A few minutes later mom died. It was 7 a.m. on 24 January (Wednesday), 1917.
Gave telegrams maruse, Bore, Tole. Our tailor Nina went to Vologda for a funeral dress and returned on Friday. Arrived Roofing and Mary and Bori.
Mother was buried the 28th, Sunday. Funeral in the Church in Rubanga, then brought to be buried in Sokol'skoye cemetery. Waited for the Bob, said Goodbye to his mother and buried. The brothers went, and Mary was left to serve a memorial service on 9th day.
Otgon Karlovich celebrated a magnificent monument made of black marble. At the base — a marble vase, which stood porcelain flowers…
Now all the farm and caring for the brothers, sister and dad were on me.
There was a war. The Russian Empire was going through hard days. The difficulties of this time we have experienced the same. The bread was given out on cards.
The brothers and dad worn out all the shirts. Dressmaker even for money did not undertake to sew, because money is devalued with each passing day. For more than a year, the Falcon operated a distribution system. We had a stock of matter, because I always took the fact that other teachers distribution did not buy because of too high prices.
So I managed to get matter to suit for Bori, on pants for Anatolia. Shirts from calico had to sew itself. Now it's funny, but the costume is tailor made for the flower of the ficus in a tub that stood in our living room.
1917 year
The February revolution in Petrograd, said at the factory that formed a workers ' Council.
In may 1917, in Finland, of pneumonia died albert Yul'evich Surkov. Arno A. went to Arkhangelsk to bury him and never returned. Said that he and his family Banquets and Shergold sea moved to Germany.
Director of the factory was Hoevelaken Vasily wilghelmovich, but soon he was recalled to Moscow, because he was a very good specialist in the pulp and paper business. He received his higher education in England, there was an Intern, married to an Englishwoman. In 1923 Basil wilghelmovich emigrated with his family to England. They said that the reason for this was the large inheritance that his wife received.
His brother, Ernst guvelyakin, stayed to live and work in Arkhangelsk.
Then, Yablonsky became the Director. Then the factory moved from private to state ownership and the first red Director chose the former head of pachamalai Solovyov.
In the summer of 1917 Tolya was in Petrograd — engaged in preparatory courses, wishing. enter the Institute of Technology. In July there were speeches of workers. The police lay in attics and shot at a crowd of people, the workers. Along Nevsky Prospekt too, there was a shootout.
Tolya, as times fell in this turmoil. He was very scared, ran into some staircase was knocking into the first apartment and ask to let him in. Heard that it was just a boy, he opened the door…
Tole so and not have to enroll in Institute of Technology and he returned to the factory Falcon.
Until autumn 1918 he worked in the laboratory and in the summer entered the Kharkiv Institute of Technology. However it was necessary to study only till the end of a half-year. Tolya came for Christmas holidays, and was able to return — Kharkiv was busy with white.
Marusya returned to the Falcon in August 1917 and began to work as an assistant to Louise Karlovna at the box office. Then she went to work in the electrical Department Secretary Kronberg ia in 1923 Ivan Alexandrovich moved to work at the Okulovskaya paper mill.
In August, 1918, Mary married Krasnokamenskogo Leonid Alexandrovich.
In 1907 a teacher at the school Sokolskaya worked Aug A. Krasnolimanska. She was invited to come on Falcon, his brother Leonid, who was dismissed from the army in 1917 because of being wounded on the Austrian front.
Leonid returned from the war at a time could not find a job ", and wrote to her sister. Aug Aleksandrovna said that the factory needed workers. Leonid came and did the work the acid plant.
Since Surkov-Giller and Krasnoznamenskiy become relatives twice, but more on that later…
At Christmas 1918, the school staged a masquerade. By this time the school was rebuilt by the project of Volodya's brother. Four more classes with good, bright Windows were added.
The masquerade consisted of a deck of cards. Aces were in tuxedos with gold chains on vests, Kings in crowns and robes, Ladies in black dresses with little kokoshniks on their heads, jacks in short trousers and velvet jackets.I was the Queen of clubs, Paradise * — the Lady of diamonds, Alexandra Andreevna — the Queen of hearts, and Maria Kuzminichna Helen -the Queen of Spades.
Our Mary Giller — the Jack of diamonds, Roofing Giller — the King of diamonds, Leonid Krasnolimansky — the King of hearts, and his brother Vladimir Surkov-ACE.
This idea gave us the first prize — ounces of tobacco!
(* Krasnolimanskaya Raisa Dmitrievna, the teacher Sokolskaya factory school, a cousin Leonid Alexandrovich Krasnokamenskogo, also came to the factory on the recommendation of the brother after graduating from Vologda grammar school). Note Surkov XIU.
In the fall of 1919 Roofing and Boris went to study to Perm. There already studied their cousin Cyril (Gref) Surkov. In the late 1920s in these places broke Kolchak. Boris and Tolya managed to return home and began to work at the factory, and Kirill, together with the armies of Kolchak took to Siberia, where they reached the cheats.
When Kolchak was driven, Cyril entered the requisition and wrote about it to father in Kirillov. Eduard Yulyevich chose him to go, but disaster struck: the Entire requisition, which was Cyril white was destroyed in Manchuria.
Eduard yulevich never found his son and returned to Kirillov, where he soon died of severe pneumonia.
In the fall of 1919 brother Volodya he married Raisa Dmitrievna Krasnoznamenskoe, the teacher I level. Registered in the registry Office, but married in the Church on September 19, 1919 and moved to live in the apartment of Raisa.
Instead Volodya, in his room of our homes have lodged August Samuilovna with daughters Anna and Louise.
Two rooms in the house occupied Krasnoarmeiskii, Maroussia by Leonid.
18 Aug 1919 they had a daughter, Ira. Godmother she had a friend Marousi — Inna K. Veselovskaya, a very beautiful woman.
In 1920, Volodya made a detailed drawing of the tower for the extraction of sulfuric acid by lime-milk method (Invention O. K. Giller). The tower was built. She was 15 meters in height, when, as before, like the tower of Mithering must be at least 35 meters, and then it happened that it was not all absorbed sulfur dioxide, and then the air smelled awful gray that the trees have yellowing leaves.
This tower absorbs the sulfur dioxide completely. Two years later, the tests yielded positive results and a detailed description of the lime-milk method of sulfuric acid production was published in the journal "Paper industry".
Otgon Karlovich received a patent. The tower was named after him in 1922 (Giller's Tower). Then, the same exact towers were built in other pulp and paper mills. First, in 1930, the engineer Sokolowski on Veselovska plant, and then in Arkhangelsk.
On June 16, 1920 Volodya had a son. Called Yuri. Baptized in the hospital, I was a godmother, and my godfather was a brandmaster (fire chief) Langauer.
Boris and Anatoly worked in a factory, because learning was no where. On all sides there was a war in Murmansk and Arkhangelsk landed Americans, from Siberia came Kolchak, the South was fighting with the armies of Denikin. The Sukhona standing army. This place was called " Port»…
By the summer of 1923, I was going to go to heal salt baths in Solikamsk. Maria Belyaeva asked me to take her daughter, Tanya Belyaeva, who also had bad legs.
We went through the tot'ma. On the outskirts of town, near the monastery, at that time was our former teacher Aug Aleksandrovna, sister of Leonid Alexandrovich Krasnokamenskogo. She's been married Abitova Ivan Aleksandrovich and now wore his name.
We stopped by her for a few hours on the way to Solikamsk.
Already on the way back after the treatment I drove back to Abievym, placing the pre-Tanya Belyaev on the ship, and she stayed with Augusta Alexandrovna four days. Ivan Aleksandrovich was not at home. He was away on business in Shuya. Abidovich have had three children: Lena, Sasha and Dima. Helen was my godmother.
In the autumn of 1923 on the Falcon celebrated the 25th anniversary of the founding of the factory. The celebration was attended by many engineers from other paper mills.
Since Otton Karlovich worked from the very origins of the factory, it was also celebrated the 25th anniversary of his work on the Falcon. He was presented with many flowers and Golden nominal clock. There was a gala dinner.
The chief engineer for several years is a wonderful man, Ivan Ivanovich Khramtsov. We were friends with him and his family. At the end of October 1923 Khramtsova went to Moscow and we stayed in their apartment.
This year Anatoly finally entered the Leningrad Institute of technology. Boris remained to work at the factory in the acid compartment.
At the beginning of December Volodya and his family went to Kalininskaya oblast to the factory Kuvshinovo. By this time he had two sons: Jura, three years and one-year-old Kolya (Cat). So, like all things from his apartment they have already sent Luggage, for a few days we spend in our new apartment.
In the summer of 1924, I went to Stary Rus salt baths and mud to treat your sciatica, but on the way back we stopped in Kuvshinovo to see Volodya and Paradise, to see what the nephews have grown. Went with them to walk in the garden.
Distillate Karlovich invented a new technology to heat the wood chips that did not required re-heating of the lye and it turned out big energy savings. Made a special installation, which began to be used in the cooking industry.
Suddenly, in April 1926, he was summoned to Moscow to Soyuzbumaga and told that an experiment would be conducted at the Sokol factory. A contract was signed with a German company, which will show a new, cheaper way of cooking with the bypass of lye.
Otto Karlovich was outraged. Why call foreigners? We are able to conduct economical and quick way of cooking! He did not listen. The agreement with the German firm already took place and it wasn't clever to refuse. In the middle of may the German engineer PEC had to arrive.
All the equipment was prepared on the Falcon. Came engineer PEC with his assistant and Soyuzbumaga — Arkady I. Kardakov.
PEC was very surprised when he saw the complete installation invented by Giller at our factory. He was furious, went with his assistant in the garden near our house, and swore on what light is.
Decided to brew for the competition. Otto Karlovich with Karakoumi and PEC with the assistant. Have Pets and all cooking went to the marriage, and came out great.
Then the same method was introduced at the factory in Pechatkin. Otton Karlovich was then head of the pulp production of both factories. O. K. Giller and A. I. Kardakov were awarded for the introduction of a new method. In the paper industry magazine, appreciation from wscc was published.
Otto Karlovich award made to a cooperative society of scientific workers "Sokol" in Moscow. Volodya made a project of a house in the form of an English cottage. House number 7 began to build on the street. Tchaikovsky (now St. Surikov).
At factory "the Falcon" the invention of the Distillate Karlovic was seen as a victory over capitalist methods of production. The trade Union of the factory was to petition for assignment to O. K. Hiller the title of "Hero of Labour".
In 1928, the Distillate Karlovich was awarded this high rank. In 1929 he joined the Central research Institute of paper (CNIIB). At the factory "Sokol" opened a branch of the Institute and Otton Karlovich began to work there.
In August 1929 I went to Leningrad to Anatoly, who graduated from the Institute of Technology and married Nina S. Prozorova. They lived then on Vasilievsky island. Bob, too, came to meet them. We spent two weeks together at Tolya's. Went to the theater on "Sadko", went to Peterhof and Pavlovsk.
In September 25 years of my work at school were executed. The 1st of December, I retired and began to RUB 30 per month.
In the summer of 1930 Distillate Karlovic was transferred to work in CNIIB, who was on Razin street, house 5. The house in the village "Sokol" has not yet been completed and he had to settle with friends in Stoleshnikov lane. The hosts were on vacation. Otto Karlovich summoned me to Moscow — to comunicate in the apartment.
In Stoleshnikov we lived 2 months. At this time, our vacation came to Roofing with his wife Nina and Boris. Then we lived with other friends on Malaya Bronnaya. The time was autumn, rainy and Distillate Karlovich caught cold and fell ill. Wrote in the Falcon Luiza Karlovna, that she sent us a warm autumn things. However, she did not think that such things should send a valuable parcel and the parcel disappeared without a trace. And it was my new woolen coat, woolen coat Stripping Karlovic, his robe and shoes and my high shoes. In addition, the live was not where. What to do? Distillate Karlovic decided to go back to the "Falcon" and work there in the branch CNIB.
But to go the was not in than. Wrote the Luiza Karlovna that the parcel is lost and we don't what to wear. Luisa Karlovna collected old warm clothes and sent them to Moscow Marusya at Malaya Bronnaya.
In early October we all went back to the factory "Sokol". I began to look for a job. Because of the great loss of hearing, I could no longer work as a teacher and went to the rationalization Bureau, as a clerk. The head of the Bureau was a former officer in the tsarist army Queens of the F. I. a month after my joining, he was arrested in suspicion of involvement in the white movement. Also arrested and the husband of Mary,- Leonid Aleksandrovich Krasnokamenskogo on the same charges.
Mary got a job as an accountant in the office paper of Department of the factory. The Queen was released in a month. Marusya wrote about the incident in D. Puketi mother Leonid Alexandrovich, Anna Protogroup. His mother came and visited her son in prison, carried programs. Leonid was able to prove that the officer was white, and was an officer in the tsarist army and in the 1st World war had shed their blood for the Motherland, was dismissed from the army for injury. Three months later he was released. He was released from prison in January 1931.
Maroussia worked, the Ira was in school, and I as before in 1925-1928 he was engaged in public work in the society "Friends of children" We organized concerts, Raffles, buffets, performances — earned money on clothes for the kids in the orphanage, which was located in Santesson monastery, which we used to polemically with mother in 1911.
Clothes sewed themselves from purchased material and taken to the monastery, so it was cheaper. Children coming out of the Orphanage were arranged to work at the factory.
Lyubov Vasilyevna Fisher went to Moscow in 1929, and I continued to work in society until my departure from the Sokol factory on July 5, 1931. Then our house in the Moscow settlement "Sokol" was ready.
Went to Moscow four — Topping Karlovich, his sisters Anna and Louise and me. The house was already with Windows, but still without inner doors. Doors have made then.
From the Vologda region took part in the cat — Miku. As soon as I removed his collar, he ran away and was missing for three days. On the fourth evening, was a strong storm suddenly from the kitchen looks out to Mika, but in the teeth of his mouse. Worked it turns out. The day off Karlovich that evening was at the meeting and came back late when the storm had already passed.
In this summer, we furniture from the Falcon has not yet been brought and slept all on the floor. Came from Leningrad Vera Krasnolimanskaya, and Bologna, Bob. The furniture was only in early August.
I began to get a job in Moscow. Managed to get on the "Trekhgornaya Manufactura", office, bookkeeper. To work did not last long. Aunties Anna and Louise could not cope with the work of the house. Was even the card system, everywhere you turn, and no they couldn't keep up. I began to help to cook cards products, and soon all this work fell on my shoulders.
An echo of Karlovich was attached to a special store of scientists, which was located first on the street of Kirov, and then in the building where GUM is now. As you will leave, happened, in the city in the morning, and you will be idle there in different turns of hours to 3.
The winter of 1932 was so warm, slushy and Distillate Karlovich never wore a coat but went the whole of January and beginning of February with a coat. In February I went on a business trip to the North on "Moscow" (building Cassago PPM) and also without fur. At the end of February strong frosts struck and, having arrived home, an Otgon Karlovich fell ill with an inflammation of lungs. Was sick for the whole of March.
March 8, I went to the city to celebrate the holiday in a special store, but back could not get out. There was a terrible snowstorm, all the tram tracks were covered with snow-did not have time to clear. Streetcars went back and forth only along the cleared area, then the passengers went on foot, through deep snow, then went again. In this day of the house I left at 10am and returned at 8pm. We all were very excited. The holiday did not happen.
At the end of March Volodya and Raya came to us to buy some products in Moscow. In the evenings he spoke about his life, about how to learn George and Kitty. Back in Kuvshinovo left on 5 April and 10 April, the Distillate Karlovich went to work.
Began to melt snow. Otgon Karlovich began to buy seedlings of fruit trees and berry bushes. They brought 12 apples, 12 cherries and one white plum. We dug holes for trees in the autumn of 1931. Planted a lot of berry bushes, white raspberries at the fence. Made of ridges of different things. The neighbors gave us some strawberry bushes, which then grew that lasted for 4 ridges.
The following year, Apple trees, especially cherries, began to bear fruit. The garden gradually began to grow and serve as a good help in our food issue.
Anatoly and his family lived in Leningrad. On may 1st 1933, his wife Nina for the first time brought our daughter Tanya. Tanya was 2 years old. We made up our minds that they'd send her to the nanny for the whole summer. Indeed, at the end of may came a telegram: "Meet. Tanya's coming.»
We stayed with Tanya until October. Then Tanya stayed with us every summer. It was sent with business travelers friends, and I met at the Leningrad station. Fall over But someone came. Once I took her to Leningrad. She was six years old. That summer I showed Tanya the letter and she began to learn to read and write while in block letters. Winter even wrote grandfather a few letters.
So, every year, Tanya and I went to the us for the summer.
In April 1938, of the Higher attestation Commission awarded the Distillate Karlovich title of Professor and the degree of doctor of technical Sciences without defending a thesis, but only by his scientific works and inventions: the Imminent boiling; Bypass liquor; Tower obtaining sulfurous acid milk of lime method (Hiller); Zymol and others. Strong acid.
In the summer of that year, Otto Karlovich with Professor Flavian glavinovich the beaver was sent to the Vishera, where they built a tower of his invention (Hiller). The trip was long. About a month.
I do not remember in what year, in 1937 or 1938, in Kuvshinovo was arrested my brother Surkov Vladimir Karlovich. He built a thermal power station and the roof of the building was forced to cover with tar paper as iron on the roof was to get no where. Saw this sabotage, arrested and put in jail Ostashkov, where he stayed for almost a year.
So having achieved nothing, he was released for lack of evidence, even restored in the party.
(My father told me that in prison for questioning grandfather was often beaten, forced to confess to sabotage and death. Grandfather, of course was not guilty and firmly stood his ground. So he was released for lack of evidence of a crime. In the workbook, V. K. Surkova, which is in my archives, for this reason this entry: April 16, 1938 — Retired since the arrest July 7, 1939 — Adopted in OAKS on labor and work organization. It turns out that my grandfather stayed in prison for more than a year. Note the COJ. Surkova)
In the autumn of 1939 war with Finland. She continued to think of the month 3 or 4 and ended in January -February 1940.
The war was mobilized, my cousin Mr E. Surkov. He lived in Leningrad, was married, had a son. Before the war with wife has diverged. The boy was raised by his sister Maria E., who was a teacher in the orphanage.
In the summer of 1940 Nicholas (Kitty), youngest son of my brother Volodya, went to Vladivostok to enroll in sea school.
New year 1941 was sad. Today was sick Maroussia, Otto Karlovich was sick with pneumonia. So, the New year, we have not met.
In April 1941, in Moscow branch of Niiba was solemnly celebrated 75 years since the birth of the Distillate Karlovic and 43 years of his work in pulp industry.
Was a delegation from the factory named after Kuibyshev (the former factory "the Falcon"), on which the celebrant has worked for 33 years.
Then, on April 14, there was a solemn meeting with participation of Professor L. p. Zherebov who made the report on work of Otgon Karlovich.
They issued a resolution on awarding him with the excellent mark of the pulp and paper industry and the wide introduction of O. K. Giller's invention in the industry" Rapid cooking of cellulose with strong acid". The last experiments before the implementation was to be carried out in Okulovskaya factory in the summer of 1941 Otto Karlovich this was very happy.
But, alas! - It wasn't meant to happen. The war started with Germany.
Shortly before, on June 12 the sister of Otgon Karlovich Anna Karlovna died unexpectedly. We buried her at Vagankovsky cemetery on June 14, 1941.
Two days later, the 16th passage to the duty station, in Odessa, we stopped by a young Lieutenant Yura Surkov, who graduated from the Kalinin military school.
20 June he was already in his part, and the next day German airplanes bombed Odessa.
The first month of the war in Moscow was relatively calm. All the transport went fine. Distillate Karlovich carefully went into the service.
We Housewives were taught in the P. V. H. O. methods to extinguish fires from incendiary bombs. We were on duty in the evenings on our streets.
Received an order to seal all of the Windows cross with strips of black cloth that Tanya and neatly done. But, July 21, in the evening I was on duty on the street. At 22-00 passed the duty to the neighbour from the house number 9 on the left side.
Just walked in the door of our house, as from the deafening bomb explosion flew all the Windows in the house. The first bomb fell near our house on a vacant lot near Vrubel street.
All of us hid in the darkest place near the coal shed. I, as we were taught in training, PVHO, took a vantage point on the upper terrace, which was zasteklena and all good to be seen around. Procedurile was there until 3 o'clock in the morning, when the bombardment already flock to subside. But seen, as with aircraft abandoned lighting lights, and then started hurl bomb.
In the bombing in the village of Sokol were three bombs: one guess at a maternity hospital, where he killed the woman and the doctor, shattering the corner of the house. Another bomb fell on Polenov street, parallel to Tchaikovsky street, just in the dug defensive gap, where the whole family sat, except for the 6-year-old younger daughter, who hid in the basement of the house. The whole family died, except this girl.
The third bomb fell into the woods near Surikov street, where this spring we planted trees. All trees threw up from a root or fell down.
The rest bombs fell on airfield, which was not far from of the village "Sokol." After each breakup, the house shook.
4 hours sounded the all-clear signal air RAID. Tired and exhausted by fear Otgon Karlovich, aunt Louise and Tanya went to bed. ">'"""I went to see the house. The whole staircase leading to the second floor, kitchen, tables were strewn with broken glass. From the shock had wrenched and twisted as a piece of paper English the door lock. Cleaning took about 5 hours. Since then, almost without hiatus, every night, and the and day, were bombing. The Sokol metro station was considered a bomb shelter, but it is quite far from our house. When the siren comes, we would not have run to the subway, so we went there in advance, at 11 o'clock in the evening and spent the night in the tunnels. Tanya went with grandpa and I, led by the arm Louise Karlovna.
The people's Commissariat of the paper industry at the beginning of July was evacuated to Krasnokamsk, Perm region. All equipment was carried on the barge on the rivers. First to the Volga by the Moscow canal and then along the Kama to Krasnokamsk. On the same barge sailed and many employees with families.
After collecting a few necessary things, we also went to the evacuation together with the Moscow branch of Cnyba, closing our house in village "Sokol" just the castle not knowing what to return to him, we will never have.
We were accompanied by the Deputy Director of the branch Boris G. Milov. Train from Moscow to Yaroslavl went very smoothly and slowly, then just stayed in the car and extinguished all the lights, and then soon, soon as possible. So went to Yaroslavl, and then exactly a normal swing.
Arrived in Perm in the morning, about 11 hours. On the road we have an accident; Luisa Karlovna was obisnuinta, couldn't walk. I went to the health center at the station, asked for help, to give any transport or at least a chair in which it could be planted and transferred at least to the car. But the medical staff remained deaf, to all personal requests, flatly refused: "we have nothing and we are not obliged to all visitors to give help". And made Louise Karlovna out of the car in the hands of Boris Grigorievich and some employee on the train.
From Perm to Krasnokamsk was quite far, it was necessary to go on a suburban train with a transfer to Vereshchagino or on the kata river by steamboat.
All evacuated things were pretty decent and train with the transplant was impossible to go. Decided to go on the boat.
Things loaded on the truck. In the cab with the driver put the Luisa Karlovna and I with the housekeeper Milov steel rear wall of the truck. The housekeeper (can't remember her name) in the bag was 5 bottles of sunflower oil and instead carefully hold the bag in her hands, she leaned her back to the Board about our things.
The road was uneven (cobblestone), the car was shaking. On one turn the entire bag with bottles of traveled to us under its feet. As a result, the bottles broke, the oil poured out on our blankets and pillows. All things were ruined.
On the boat going very long, the whole night. To the pier in Krasnokamsk stuck at 6 o'clock in the morning and began to unload their belongings. Boris Grigorievich went on foot to Krasnokamsk (from the pier 4 kilometers) to exhaust the truck to transport things.
Louise Karlovna was moved from the ship on his hands and carefully put on the same pillows that were covered with sunflower oil. As a result, her woolen skirt and linen made a huge oil stains, which are also not washed off.
Around 8 in the morning came the car, which plunged our things and put in the cabin Luisa Karlovna and all the rest went on foot. Only reached the main street of Krasnokamsk as I was greeted by three young people — it turned out these are my former students who work at the Krasnokamsk combine.
In Krasnokamsk there were three main businesses: Pulp and paper mill, factory Gosznak and Sulfite alcohol plant. Circle sticking out of the oil industrial towers. It seemed that they were everywhere, in the yard of the factory, and between the houses and in the woods beyond the river Kama.
And each company has its own villages, its 4-storey houses. All in different places.
The school had held a 3-storey house, but the people's Commissariat (can be zniib ?) it replaced. The school was moved to a wooden one-storey building next to the dining room. We first put him in some room on the third floor in a 250 apartment building. We started to unpack, as it came a worker with a warrant for this room and again we had things to add.
We were placed in a hotel room with two beds and a table. Louise Karlovna had on hand to wear!
The other day I went to the clinic to call a doctor to examine the patient and prescribed a treatment. Physician nothing dangerous found: appointed rubbing and said that it goes away soon. About knee it turned out what the red blot and leg a bit swollen up.
We lived in a hotel for a month. On the first of September and the movie began to go to school, which from the hotel was pretty close. Finally we were moved to the same 250-apartment house, in a large room. The second small room was occupied by the motorist with the wife and the small breast daughter.
The apartment was on the third floor, heating water from the CHP Plant, water and water closet, and had to cook on the stove, which was heated with firewood. The wood I had to buy: lumps, scraps from balance, to cut and chop. That's what I was doing. The stove was still kerosene stove and hot plate.
From Leningrad we were torn off, about fate Nina and Toli not knew nothing. When in Krasnokamsk came from Leningrad staff Zniib asked, but they have nothing definite to say.
Tanya we took all summer. Winter was coming, and she didn't have a warm coat or shoes. Louise Karlovna gave the old grandmother's velvet winter coat. Not chiwala I have no ready-made patterns anything, and then I had to. Sewed at night in the kitchen, so you could hear the thud of the machine. Stitched coat — hood. On its feet, too, invented any shoes. I purchase blanks for felt boat (three pieces). One is intended on the soles.
Minder, our took to sew something like boots. Truth they were short, but with warm woolen stockings was well acceptable. So managed to warm Tanya and she safely passed the winter until January and not cold.
In January started strong frosts — 25 — 30 degrees. By the end of the month frosts have fallen. For several days we were visited by Bob. Distillate Karlovich was very pleased with the arrival of her son. All the free time they spent in conversations. Dad invited Boris to walk to the village of Goznak, and it was quite cold. Coat we foolishly did not take, but only a demi-season coat, though on batting. Here Otto Karlovic and lost. After the departure of Bori, he fell seriously ill for a long time. The temperature reached 40 degrees.
We regretted not brought from the village of Falcon is much needed. At home there are 4 chests full of valuables and a chest of drawers with linen. If we had these things here, we could change them in the village for food and then not so starved. Very possibly it would be possible for the Pope to go out, because nutrition in the treatment, this is the main thing.
The disease lasted until mid-March. Otton Karlovich began to go to work, but was very weak and sometimes sat at home. These days the staff of Institute went to it to consult and these meetings were tightened for several hours.
In may 1942 I received from Nina's letter from Leningrad, where the allegorical form was reported about the death of Anatoly. The letter was very complicated. Nina wrote about the terrible days of the siege, the famine and death in every step and didn't want to speak directly about this mountain. Neither I nor Tanya did not understand what was happening, and Otto Karlovich guessed. That was the biggest blow to him.
The stories of the SLUDGE. Krasnoramenskaya Anatoly Ottovich worked as an engineer at the plant. He died of starvation in his workplace. Nina and Vera Dmitrievna Krasnolimanskaya themselves half-dead, buried Anatoly just under a tree at some Leningrad Boulevard. After a while, they couldn't even find the place.
In the evening of this hard day Otton Karlovich had to make a report at a meeting in drug addiction. The report was pre-written, but because of its completely depressed, nervous condition to read it myself I couldn't. Reported to his colleague E. N. Soldatova that. of course it did not, as we should be. Otton Karlovich tried outwardly not to show his condition, but he was very worried.
A day later, in the evening, he had a heart attack. Call a doctor. Did injections camphor, its feet and hands in hot water. Got my oxygen tank, but he never was in it to breathe. Then he lay down and fell asleep.
However, this attack severely weakened his body. The food was scarce. In the dining room were given one serving of dinner, but daddy, such a delicate, not like there is one — shared with Tanya. Then there's Luisa Karlovna said their claims that. and it should be allocated too. So. after the deal, and left him nothing at all. Dad was half-starved, exhausted body slowly eating itself. Heart attacks began to repeat every month. In addition, the doctors discovered a liver disease.
In mid-July came from Leningrad Nina. This revived and reassured the Pope, so in August and September he had no seizures.
Nina was so hungry for the blockade that I tried to feed her, the sick dad and the girl better. This terribly angered Luisa Karlovna. In the end, she began to eat separately. I sold and changed my things for milk and eggs.
One day I could not find milk in the market and asked L. K. to allocate Otton Karlovich a little of its stocks, promising to give the next day. However, she did not agree, and when I left, Louise sold the milk to his sick sibling! This act was just monstrous!! Well, God is her judge.
Nina went to Bolesnici to plant No. 4, where he worked for Boris and entered in the technical control Department. We decided that Tanya her with a pick is not reasonable, because the girl was attached and tear it off in the middle of the school year from the teaching does not need. Let him finish 4th grade. Besides, grandpa would be to miss her very much, that too could affect his health.
After the departure of Nina Pope again became worse. The attacks were repeated each month. 25 December it became particularly bad. The doctor made an injection of camphor, and then got better. Otton Karlovich calmed down and lay down on the bed. Suddenly he threw so sharply that shook the bed and he calmed down. I walked over and put a small mirror to the lips. It's not sweating.…
This happened in 1 hour night with Thursday on Friday 26 December 1942 year.
A Commission was appointed to organize the funeral. On Saturday, the coffin with the body was put farewell in one of the halls of the Commissariat. Around the coffin stood in shifts employees of the plant.
In the evening, Otton Karlovich was buried in the garden near the fire station. Boris G. Milov said the Eulogy. I wrote a biography, which, together with necrologium printed in the local newspaper. Later on a grave put a monument.
To this end, the diaries of Yevgenia Karlovna, Surkova.
From the newspaper "Krasnokamskaya Zvezda» :
"Monument to Otto Karlovich the Hiller in the center of the city little known to Krasnokamsk. Located near the firehouse ktsbk, it inconspicuous from afar. It has not lead students, are not carried out meetings and events. In the summer the granite monument is overgrown with grass, and in winter swept by snow. Who is buried near the main enterprise of Krasnokamsk?
Giller Otto Karlovich was a prominent theorist and practitioner of pulp and paper production, he developed and implemented a new method of cooking acid, he came up with the so-called "Giller tower". At the construction site of the factory "Sokol" - since 1898, participated in the installation and start-up of the first machines. Head. laboratory technical Manager Sukhonsky enterprises, headed pulp mill. Proposed new ways to control the quality of the cooking acid, the degree of penetration of cellulose, the definition of active acidity in the cooking of cellulose; designed absorption apparatus for Sokolsky paper mill; developed and implemented the regeneration of sulfur dioxide. In 1931, O. K. Giller became a Professor of paper production, in Moscow he headed the laboratory of the Central research Institute of paper, and before the war he was awarded the title Of hero of Socialist Labor. O. K. Giller is the author of a number of scientific works and manuals. Doctor of engineering. During the war, the Professor was evacuated from besieged Moscow to Krasnokamsk. His last invention in 1942 is a special kind of cellulose that can replace hygroscopic cotton wool. It cost ten times cheaper and was very necessary to the front. But age, disease and hunger accelerated his demise. The real fanatic of paper production, O. K. Giller bequeathed to bury himself next to the enterprise where he worked the last months. In 1942, the Professor was lowered into the grave in front of the checkpoint plant, and after the war in memory of the great scientist was put granite monument.
